NewRegistered Nurse Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Northern VirginiaRegistered NurseWoodburn, VAOur achievements include being named one of the "World's Most Admired Companies" and receiving the Fortune 100 Best Companies to Work For® Award, among other accolades, which is nothing short of amazing. Encompass Health is a trusted leader in post-acute care with over 150 nationwide locations and a team of 36,000 exceptional individuals and growing!
NewRegistered Nurse (RN) Aveanna HealthcareRegistered Nurse (RN)Yacolt, WA$38–$41 / hourSee Aveanna Healthcare Terms & Conditions at https://www.aveanna.com/privacypolicy.html and Privacy Policy at https://www.aveanna.com/privacypolicy.html and SonicJobs Privacy Policy at https://www.sonicjobs.com/us/privacy-policy and Terms of Use at https://www.sonicjobs.com/us/terms-conditions. Multi-year Comparably Award winner in the following categories: Best Company Culture, Best CEO, Best Company Work-Life Balance, Best Company Career Growth, Best Company for Diversity, Best Company for Women.
NewHome Health Registered Nurses Needed Aveanna HealthcareHome Health Registered Nurses NeededPortland, ORRemote$48–$55 / hourSee Aveanna Healthcare Terms & Conditions at https://www.aveanna.com/privacypolicy.html and Privacy Policy at https://www.aveanna.com/privacypolicy.html and SonicJobs Privacy Policy at https://www.sonicjobs.com/us/privacy-policy and Terms of Use at https://www.sonicjobs.com/us/terms-conditions. As an employer accepting Medicare and Medicaid funds, employees must comply with all health-related requirements in all relevant jurisdictions, including required vaccinations and testing, subject to exemptions for medical or religious reasons as appropriate.
NewRegistered Nurse (RN) - Certified Home Health - earn $60.00 per point connectRNRegistered Nurse (RN) - Certified Home Health - earn $60.00 per pointPortland, OR$60–$62Keywords: Registered Nurse, RN, RN Per Diem, Certified Home Health, OASIS, HomeCare HomeBase, Side Hustle, Flexible Hours, Per Diem, Competitive Pay, PRN. One-To-One Support & Clinical Mentorship: You work hard to care for so many, our team is dedicated to making sure that your questions are answered and that you feel supported day in and day out.
Outpatient Registered Nurse - RN Fresenius Medical CareOutpatient Registered Nurse - RNOregon City, ORPerforms ongoing, systematic collection and analysis of patient data pre – during – post hemodialysis treatment for assigned patients and documents in the patient medical record, makes adjustments or modifications to treatment plan as indicated and notifies Team Leader, Charge Nurse, Supervisor or Physician as needed. SUPERVISION: Assigned oversight of Patient Care Technicians/LPNs/LVNs/RNs as a Team Leader or designated Nurse in Charge, after meeting all the following: · Successful completion of all FKC education and training requirements for new employees.
NewAssistant Nurse Manager - Endoscopy and Medical Procedures 1.0 FTE Variable Providence Non-RN - OregonAssistant Nurse Manager - Endoscopy and Medical Procedures 1.0 FTE VariablePortland, OR$60.35–$95.27 / hourAs a recognized regional referral center , we deliver highly specialized services such as ERCPs, ESD, advanced ultrasound, advanced biopsy techniques utilizing the Intuitive ION robotic platform, esophageal stenting, and urgent and emergent procedures—supporting more than 7,000 procedures annually . Our not-for-profit network also provides a full spectrum of care with leading-edge diagnostics and treatment, outpatient health centers, physician groups and clinics, numerous outreach programs, and hospice and home care.
NewAssistant Nurse Manager (LPN or RN) Fora Health IncAssistant Nurse Manager (LPN or RN)Portland, ORProvides information & education about nursing care of patients with substance use disorders, harm reduction, and trauma informed care to nursing & PCA staff and nursing students. Collaborates with 3.7 Residential (Wolfpack Program) staff on the care of Wolfpack patients in transitional beds in the withdrawal management unit, ensuring smooth transitions to residential floor.
NewPRN Registered Nurse (RN) - Skilled Nursing in Portland, OR - with same-day pay SnapCarePRN Registered Nurse (RN) - Skilled Nursing in Portland, OR - with same-day payPortland, OR$55–$60Ensure that your assigned work areas, including nurse stations, medicine preparation rooms, unit resident care rooms, and treatment areas, are maintained in a clean, safe, and sanitary manner. Position Summary: In this role, your nursing and leadership skills will ensure that quality nursing care is provided to the residents, and you will direct the day-to-day functions of the Nursing Assistants.
Cardiac Cath Lab - Travel Registered Nurse Trusted HealthCardiac Cath Lab - Travel Registered NursePortland, OR$2,760Trusted has streamlined the travel nursing experience by enabling nurses to apply directly to jobs without the need for recruiters. This unique approach provides more transparency, eliminates pesky calls from recruiters, and puts more money in your pocket.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit - $2,344 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit - $2,344 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,344TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TRS Healthcare is seeking a Registered Nurse who is licensed to work in OR, and has Pediatric Intensive Care Unit experience.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Cardiac Catheterization Lab - $2,900 to $3,079 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Cardiac Catheterization Lab - $2,900 to $3,079 per week in Portland, ORPORTLAND, OR$2,900–$3,079To qualify, you need an active registered nurse (RN) license, at least 2 years of recent experience, and certifications Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) and Workplace Violence Training (MOAB, TEAM, CPI, etc) required. Cardiac catheterization lab nurse, cardiac cath lab nurse, cath lab nurse, cardiac cath lab RN, registered nurse, RN, R.N., cath lab RN, nurse, nursing, healthcare, health care, patient care, medical, hospital
NewTravel Nurse RN - Medical-Surgical - $1,806 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Medical-Surgical - $1,806 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$1,806TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TRS Healthcare is seeking a Registered Nurse who is licensed to work in OR, and has Medical Surgical - Neurology experience.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Home Health - $2,467 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Home Health - $2,467 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,467TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified Home Health RN in Portland, Oregon, 97213!
NewTravel Nurse RN - Infusion - $2,329 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Infusion - $2,329 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,329TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified Infusion RN in Portland, Oregon, 97210!
NewTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $2,128 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $2,128 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,128TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TRS Healthcare is seeking a Registered Nurse who is licensed to work in OR, and has Pediatrics - PACU experience.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $1,981 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $1,981 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$1,981TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TRS Healthcare is seeking a Registered Nurse who is licensed to work in OR, and has Pediatrics - PACU experience.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Labor & Delivery - $2,262 per week in Oregon City, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Labor & Delivery - $2,262 per week in Oregon City, OROregon City, OR$2,262TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified Labor/Delivery RN in Oregon City, Oregon, 97045!
NewTravel Nurse RN - Oncology - $2,372 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Oncology - $2,372 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,372TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TRS Healthcare is seeking a Registered Nurse who is licensed to work in OR, and has Oncology - BMT/HemOnc experience.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - $2,128 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - $2,128 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,128TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TRS Healthcare is seeking a Registered Nurse who is licensed to work in OR, and has Neonatal Intensive Care Unit experience.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Radiology - $2,387 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Radiology - $2,387 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,387TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TRS Healthcare is seeking a Registered Nurse who is licensed to work in OR, and has Radiology - Cardiac Cath Lab experience.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) / Pre-Post Op - $2,068 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) / Pre-Post Op - $2,068 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,068TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified PACU/Pre-Post Op RN in Portland, Oregon, 97216! TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Oncology - $2,205 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Oncology - $2,205 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,205TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified Oncology RN in Portland, Oregon, 97239!
NewTravel Nurse RN - Case Manager - $2,245 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Case Manager - $2,245 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,245TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified Case Manager RN in Portland, Oregon, 97239!
NewTravel Nurse RN - Dialysis - $1,981 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Dialysis - $1,981 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$1,981TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified Dialysis RN in Portland, Oregon, 97239!
NewTravel Nurse RN - Oncology - $2,329 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Oncology - $2,329 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,329TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified Oncology RN in Portland, Oregon, 97239!
NewTravel Nurse RN - Labor & Delivery - $2,253 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Labor & Delivery - $2,253 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,253TRS give nurses the best of both worlds - the adventure of experiencing new locations with the comfort security of a company founded by nurses. TravelNurseSource is working with TRS Healthcare to find a qualified Labor/Delivery RN in Portland, Oregon, 97225!
NewTravel Nurse RN - Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) / Pre-Post Op - $2,052 to $2,179 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) / Pre-Post Op - $2,052 to $2,179 per week in Portland, ORPORTLAND, OR$2,052–$2,179Job Requirements: Education and Work Experience: Bachelor's Degree in Nursing (BSN): Preferred Acute care facility experience: Preferred Licenses/Certifications: Registered Nurse (RN) licensure in the state of practice: Required Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) or Basic Life Support (BLS OR HS-BLS OR RQIBLS) certification: Required Department Specific License/Certifications: Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) or Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) or RQIACLS: Required Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) or Healthstream Pediatric Advanced Life Support (HS-PALS) or RQIPALS: Required Essential Functions: Collects relevant data pertinent to the patient?s health or situation. In partnership with OHSU, we are comprised of a 302-bed hospital, 11 medical offices, home care services, comprehensive cancer care and a vast scope of award-winning services located throughout East Portland and the surrounding areas.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Emergency Room (ER) / Trauma - $1,971 to $2,093 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Emergency Room (ER) / Trauma - $1,971 to $2,093 per week in Portland, ORPORTLAND, OR$1,971–$2,093Job Requirements: Education and Work Experience: Bachelor's Degree in Nursing (BSN): Preferred Acute care facility experience: Preferred Licenses/Certifications: Registered Nurse (RN) licensure in the state of practice: Required Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) or Basic Life Support (BLS OR HS-BLS OR RQIBLS) certification: Required Department Specific License/Certifications: Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) or Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) or RQIACLS: Required Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) or Healthstream Pediatric Advanced Life Support (HS-PALS) or RQIPALS: Required Essential Functions: Collects relevant data pertinent to the patient?s health or situation. "Total Bed Count: 32 Bed Types: 4 Behavioral Health, 5 Fast Track, 23 Acute, 12 alternative care spaces Staffing Ratios: Days 1:4 Nights 1:4 Weekends 1:4 Schedule Requirements: Call Required: No Float Required: No Weekend Coverage: 1-2 shifts/pay period Scheduling Type: Block Unit Systems: Medication System: Omnicell Documentation System: Epic Support: IV Teams: No Lift Teams: No Pharmacy: 24 hours in hospital support, 12 hour In Department support Phlebotomy: only when requested Transportation: Dayshift only for imaging Unit Secretary: 24 hours Provider Coverage: ED physicians in unit 24/7".
NewTelemetry Technician - Telemetry Monitor Providence Non-RN - OregonTelemetry Technician - Telemetry MonitorPortland, OR$20–$29.08 / hourAs the largest healthcare system and largest private employer in Oregon, Providence is located in areas ranging from the Columbia Gorge to the wine country to sunny southern Oregon to charming coastal communities to the urban setting of Portland. Our award-winning and comprehensive medical centers are known for outstanding programs in cancer, cardiology, neurosciences, orthopedics, women's services, emergency and trauma care, pediatrics and neonatal intensive care.
NewCNA - Surgical Oncology Providence Non-RN - OregonCNA - Surgical OncologyPortland, OR$21.16–$32.37 / hourAs the largest healthcare system and largest private employer in Oregon, Providence is located in areas ranging from the Columbia Gorge to the wine country to sunny southern Oregon to charming coastal communities to the urban setting of Portland. Our award-winning and comprehensive medical centers are known for outstanding programs in cancer, cardiology, neurosciences, orthopedics, women's services, emergency and trauma care, pediatrics and neonatal intensive care.
NewCNA - Respiratory Cardiology Providence Non-RN - OregonCNA - Respiratory CardiologyPortland, OR$21.16–$32.37 / hourOur award-winning and comprehensive medical centers are known for outstanding programs in cancer, cardiology, neurosciences, orthopedics, women's services, emergency and trauma care, pediatrics and neonatal intensive care. As the largest healthcare system and largest private employer in Oregon, Providence is located in areas ranging from the Columbia Gorge to the wine country to sunny southern Oregon to charming coastal communities to the urban setting of Portland.
Registered Nurse NICU Intermountain HealthRegistered Nurse NICUPortland, ORFrequent interactions with patient care providers, patients, and visitors that require employee to verbally communicate as well as hear and understand spoken information, alarms, needs, and issues quickly and accurately, particularly during emergency situations. $35.70 - $52.25 We care about your well-being – mind, body, and spirit – which is why we provide our caregivers a generous benefits package that covers a wide range of programs to foster a sustainable culture of wellness that encompasses living healthy, happy, secure, connected, and engaged.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $2,567 to $2,726 per week in Clackamas, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $2,567 to $2,726 per week in Clackamas, ORCLACKAMAS, OR$2,567–$2,726At AMN Healthcare, we strive to be recognized as the most trusted, innovative, and influential force in helping healthcare organizations provide quality patient care that continually evolves to make healthcare more human, more effective, and more achievable. Clackamas boasts no shortage of entertainment and outdoor options within its own city limits, including an aquatic park, a wealth of campgrounds and access to the unspoiled natural beauty of Mt.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $2,843 to $3,019 per week in Clackamas, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $2,843 to $3,019 per week in Clackamas, ORCLACKAMAS, OR$2,843–$3,019At AMN Healthcare, we strive to be recognized as the most trusted, innovative, and influential force in helping healthcare organizations provide quality patient care that continually evolves to make healthcare more human, more effective, and more achievable. Serving residents of Sunnyside and Clackamas County, this 233-bed medical center is a member of the esteemed Kaiser Permanente group and offers the same world class healthcare that patients have come to associate with its parent group.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $2,920 to $3,100 per week in Clackamas, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Operating Room - $2,920 to $3,100 per week in Clackamas, ORCLACKAMAS, OR$2,920–$3,100At AMN Healthcare, we strive to be recognized as the most trusted, innovative, and influential force in helping healthcare organizations provide quality patient care that continually evolves to make healthcare more human, more effective, and more achievable. Clackamas boasts no shortage of entertainment and outdoor options within its own city limits, including an aquatic park, a wealth of campgrounds and access to the unspoiled natural beauty of Mt.
Medical Surgical Unit - Travel Registered Nurse Trusted HealthMedical Surgical Unit - Travel Registered NursePortland, OR$2,020Trusted has streamlined the travel nursing experience by enabling nurses to apply directly to jobs without the need for recruiters. This unique approach provides more transparency, eliminates pesky calls from recruiters, and puts more money in your pocket.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Rehab - $42 per hour in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Rehab - $42 per hour in Portland, ORPortland, OR$42This role is ideal for nurses who enjoy helping patients regain independence and improve their quality of life following illness, injury, surgery, or other medical conditions. Position Overview ATC Healthcare is seeking compassionate and experienced Registered Nurses (RNs) for per diem opportunities within rehabilitation facilities.
Registered Nurse (RN) - Internal Float Pool - Clackamas Advocate AuroraRegistered Nurse (RN) - Internal Float Pool - ClackamasOregon City, ORAdvocate Health offers a comprehensive suite of Total Rewards: benefits and well-being programs, competitive compensation, generous retirement offerings, programs that invest in your career development and so much more - so you can live fully at and away from work, including: Compensation . Using evidence-based practice, clinical decision making, compassion and skilled communication, leads efforts to create the safest patient environment and the best patient experience across the continuum.
NewRN, OR Inpatient, Nights 40 HRS Kaiser PermanenteRN, OR Inpatient, Nights 40 HRSClackamas, OR$53.28Under general supervision and in collaboration with other members of the health care team, uses clinical judgment skills to diagnose and treat human responses to actual or potential health problems. The RN is responsible for assessing, planning, directing, providing and evaluation nursing care for patients and coordinating nurses care activities with other health care disciplines.
NewRegistered Nurses (RN) - up to $55/hr Shiftkey, LLCRegistered Nurses (RN) - up to $55/hrVancouver, WA$55ShiftKey enables independent Registered Nurses like you to bid on per diem RN shifts posted by a vast network of Healthcare Facilities—all based on criteria you select. ShiftKey partners with Stride Health to allow healthcare professionals who use the ShiftKey App to access Stride's portable benefits platform for affordable healthcare options such as: Health.
NewNurse Manager II, Inpatient Care Coordination Kaiser PermanenteNurse Manager II, Inpatient Care CoordinationClackamas, OR$171,000Manages improvements to operations and technology processes by: leading and implementing long-term strategic projects designed to remediate issues and improve quality, service, affordability, and/or operating efficiency; developing and managing a structured approach for identifying root causes and implementing solutions to improve the performance of operations system processes in response to barriers and/or issues; and ensuring performance metrics used to monitor the success of strategic improvement projects are tied to strategic organizational initiatives. Manages designated units or teams by translating business plans into tactical action items; oversees the completion of work assignments and identifies opportunities for improvement; ensures all policies and procedures are followed; partners with key stakeholders and business leaders to ensure products and/or services meet requirements and expectations while aligning with departmental strategies.
NewRN Shiftkey, LLCRNVancouver, WA$55ShiftKey enables independent Registered Nurses like you to bid on per diem RN shifts posted by a vast network of Healthcare Facilities—all based on criteria you select. ShiftKey partners with Stride Health to allow healthcare professionals who use the ShiftKey App to access Stride's portable benefits platform for affordable healthcare options such as: Health.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Home Health - $2,121 to $2,438 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Home Health - $2,121 to $2,438 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,121–$2,438Summary: A Home Health Registered Nurse (RN) delivers direct nursing care to patients in their homes, ensuring comfort, stability, and effective management of their medical conditions. Home Health RNs assess patient conditions, develop care plans, administer treatments, and educate patients and caregivers on disease management.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Home Health - $2,169 to $2,493 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Home Health - $2,169 to $2,493 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,169–$2,493Summary: A Home Health Registered Nurse (RN) delivers direct nursing care to patients in their homes, ensuring comfort, stability, and effective management of their medical conditions. Home Health RNs assess patient conditions, develop care plans, administer treatments, and educate patients and caregivers on disease management.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Home Health - $2,038 to $2,342 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Home Health - $2,038 to $2,342 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$2,038–$2,342Summary: A Home Health Registered Nurse (RN) delivers direct nursing care to patients in their homes, ensuring comfort, stability, and effective management of their medical conditions. Home Health RNs assess patient conditions, develop care plans, administer treatments, and educate patients and caregivers on disease management.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) / Pre-Post Op in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) / Pre-Post Op in Portland, ORPortland, ORTravelNurseSource is working with Concentric Healthcare Staffing to find a qualified PACU/Pre-Post Op RN in Portland, Oregon, 97216! Supervise and direct the activities of various levels of assigned nursing staff within the PACU setting.
NewTravel Nurse RN - Medical-Surgical - $1,987 per week in Portland, OR TravelNurseSourceTravel Nurse RN - Medical-Surgical - $1,987 per week in Portland, ORPortland, OR$1,986.80Collaborates with the team of patients, families, and healthcare providers in providing patient care in a safe, healing, humane, and caring environment. Coordinates care with other disciplines while utilizing critical thinking, professional and supervisory discretion, and independent judgment.