Senior Electrical Engineer The LiRo GroupSenior Electrical EngineerNewton, MA$150,000–$180,000 / yearRecently, Global Infrastructure Solutions Inc. (GISI), the parent company of The LiRo Group and Hill International, Inc. consolidated a portion of the highly experienced staff of both LiRo and Hill in the Northeast to create a larger, more efficient, and cost-effective team to serve clients. We work hard to build a corporate culture that empowers all our employees to freely share their ideas, know their presence, and contributions are truly valued, fostering a climate where our employees are enabled to maximize their full potential.
NewSenior Staff Electrical Engineer SaabSenior Staff Electrical EngineerMilton Village, MA$127,300–$165,500Saab Inc., Autonomous and Undersea Systems division is seeking an innovative and experienced Senior Staff Electrical Engineer to support our growing team working on Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) and Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs). Our AUVs, UUVs, and ROVs span AC power (shore and charging equipment), DC power (battery systems and conversion), sensor integration, and electromechanical (propulsion, motors, servos, actuators) integration.
Director of Electrical and Systems Engineering - Lowell, MA Michael Page USADirector of Electrical and Systems Engineering - Lowell, MANewburyport, MA$200,000–$250,000 / yearFull timeWith a strong mission‑led culture, the business is focused on developing highly reliable, regulated systems that expand access to life‑saving therapies, while fostering a collaborative, engineering‑led environment where technical excellence and continuous improvement are central to success. The Director of Electrical and Systems Engineering position is a senior engineering leadership role responsible for shaping the electrical and systems architecture of advanced medical devices from concept through commercialization.
Senior Electrical Engineer, Embedded and Controls Focused Corporate Solutions TechSenior Electrical Engineer, Embedded and Controls FocusedHudson, MA$130,000–$160,000 / yearFull timeThis is a hands-on engineering role responsible for designing, developing, and delivering robust embedded and control system solutions for innovative commercial and government technology programs. This role requires ownership of designs from concept through prototype, testing, validation, and production while collaborating closely with multidisciplinary engineering teams.
Project Manager, Electrical Massachusetts Water Resources AuthorityProject Manager, ElectricalSouthborough, MA$98,087.43–$137,144.76 / weekFull timeParticipates in the troubleshooting, testing, inspection and operation of complex medium and high voltage (480 volt - 69 kV) electrical systems and equipment including feeder circuits, distribution circuits, complex relay systems, automatic transfer switches and high voltage circuit breakers. Provides technical assistance in support of the overall maintenance program, electrical construction design services and field-inspection services for various Western Operations electrical construction and maintenance projects.
NewPrincipal Electrical Engineer Gentex CorporationPrincipal Electrical EngineerManchester, NHYou'll work at the intersection of high-bandwidth, low-latency video distribution for enhanced night vision devices and next-generation smart battery pack design — shaping the electrical backbone of our helmet-mounted platforms to ensure efficient power delivery, robust data pathways, and seamless integration across mission-critical technologies. Located in the heart of New England, Manchester is also conveniently located within an hour’s drive of Boston, an hour from the Atlantic Ocean and less than two hours from New Hampshire’s scenic White Mountains, Lake Winnipesaukee and the many other well-known vacation destinations in Maine, Vermont and Massachusetts.
NewSenior Electrical Engineer - Industrial - Danvers, MA Michael Page USASenior Electrical Engineer - Industrial - Danvers, MADanvers, MA$125,000–$180,000 / yearFull timeMy client is a global technology leader in semiconductor manufacturing equipment, providing innovative solutions that enable the production of advanced chips used in consumer electronics, automotive applications, communications, and industrial technologies. The Senior Electrical Engineer is responsible for the design, development, and support of complex electrical and electromechanical systems used in advanced semiconductor manufacturing equipment.
Electrical Engineer - Industrial - Salem, MA Michael Page USAElectrical Engineer - Industrial - Salem, MASalem, MA$120,000–$160,000 / yearFull timeWith decades of industry leadership and a strong international footprint, they partner with leading chip manufacturers to drive innovation across industries including automotive, consumer electronics, and communications. The ideal candidate is an experienced electrical engineer with a strong background in hardware design and a proven ability to deliver projects independently.
NewDirector of Engineering, Building Design JobotDirector of Engineering, Building DesignBoston, MA$160,000–$200,000 / yearNational Building Design Engineering firm looking for an executive level engineering manager to help drive business development in the commercial, healthcare and higher education space along with manage day to day operations. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
Electrical Test Engineer - Defense - Newington, NH Michael Page USAElectrical Test Engineer - Defense - Newington, NHNewington, NH$85,000–$100,000 / yearFull timeKnown for operating in highly regulated and technically demanding markets, the business places strong emphasis on quality, precision, and continuous improvement, offering engineers the chance to work on products with real‑world impact and long service lifecycles. This role as Electrical Test Engineer offers the opportunity to design, execute, and improve electrical test solutions for advanced electro‑mechanical products used in mission‑critical applications.
Electrical Estimator $100K+ BREEN & SULLIVAN MECHANICAL SERVICES INCElectrical Estimator $100K+Wilmington, MAAs an Electrical Estimator, you’ll play a key role in helping us deliver high-quality electrical projects across the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) construction industry. If you have a sharp eye for detail, a strong understanding of electrical systems, and a passion for building accurate, competitive project estimates — we want to hear from you.
NewAssembler - Electrical Technician JobotAssembler - Electrical TechnicianSuncook, NH$20–$30 / hourInformation collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal. We build customized production lines (from frying and baking systems to conveyors and inspection technology) that help major food brands produce safe, consistent, and high-quality products efficiently.
Electro-Mechanical Technician (Electrical) Matec Instrument Companies, Inc.Electro-Mechanical Technician (Electrical)Northborough, MA$23–$29 / hourWe’re looking for a hands-on Electrical Technician to join our team building large, custom ultrasonic testing machines used in real-world industrial applications. Perfect for electrical techs, panel builders, industrial electricians, or anyone who enjoys wiring and bringing complex machines to life.
Senior System Engineer Viken DetectionSenior System EngineerBurlington, MA$105,000–$155,000 / yearDefining/documenting baseline requirements which may include analysis of customer/systems requirements; CONOPS development; establishing and documenting derived and decomposed requirements for different subsystems and disciplines (EE, ME, Software). Working with development team in establishing systems design including use cases/user stories, preliminary and detailed design, system architecture, and internal and external interfaces.
NewNETA Electrical Testing Service Operations Manager - Boston VertivNETA Electrical Testing Service Operations Manager - BostonBoston, MA$124,425–$155,466 / yearOur organization specializes in electrical engineering and testing, offering a wide range of maintenance, testing, and engineering services across various sectors, including utilities, data centers, renewable energy, and both commercial and industrial markets. With a revenue of $6.9 billion and a robust customer base across nearly 70 countries, we are uniquely positioned to deliver exceptional value to our clients and create new opportunities for our team.
Technical Service Engineering Shred-Tech CorporationTechnical Service EngineeringCambridge, ONThe Technical Service Engineering will address incoming inquiries and requests for technical support, parts and service, warranty issues and address customer challenges with respect to all equipment. Serve as the service representative in project leader meetings with engineering and CI teams, addressing all aspects of product development, process improvements, and field operations.
NewElectrical Estimator $100K BREEN & SULLIVAN MECHANICAL SERVICES INCElectrical Estimator $100KWilmington, MAAs an Electrical Estimator, you’ll play a key role in helping us deliver high-quality electrical projects across the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) construction industry. Refrigeration: RC148185 3 Plumbing: 3378 AA/EOE Apply BR Compensation details: 100000-100000 Yearly Salary PI7bbb74b40a75-25448-389017365c143e31-5e48-4549-b638-05792d185386
Regional Sales Manager, Thermal Engineering Wakefield Thermal Solutions, Inc.Regional Sales Manager, Thermal EngineeringNashua, NHBuilding on over four decades of leadership and experience, Wakefield Thermal designs, manufactures, and sells thermal management products that remove excess heat generated by electronic components. Historically talented at restoring distressed companies, Heico now strategically targets acquisitions that will complement its ever-growing portfolio of companies in manufacturing, construction, and industrial services.
NewRF Engineer III (NH) - Security Clearance GCR Professional ServicesRF Engineer III (NH) - Security ClearanceHudson, New HampshireContractorCollaboration: Collaborate with cross-functional teams, including electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, software engineers, and project managers, to ensure successful integration of the Antennas. *Testing and Measurement Equipment: - Experience with Antenna/RF testing and measurement equipment, such as network analyzers, spectrum analyzers, signal generators, and oscilloscopes.
CAD / PCB Engineer II GCR Professional ServicesCAD / PCB Engineer IIAndover, MassachusettsContractorJoin a focused team of engineers bringing highly complex, dense, rugged and secure electronic packaging solutions to our nation’s warfighters and first responders. • Ability to work in a fast-paced engineering services group supporting multiple time zones within the US and internationally.
NewAviation Electronics, Electrical & Computer Systems Technician U.S. NavyAviation Electronics, Electrical & Computer Systems TechnicianHaverhill, MAWork Environment Assignments with squadrons at naval air stations and aboard aircraft carriers worldwide; work in hangars, avionics labs, and outdoors on flight lines in all weather conditions and high noise environments; close teamwork with other aviation ratings and aircrew in a structured maintenance organization; potential temporary duty with detachments and deployments supporting carrier or expeditionary operations. Additional qualifications for this job may include: United States citizenship and eligibility for a security clearance; normal color perception; interest in aviation and working around aircraft; strong aptitude in electronics, computers, and precision technical work; manual dexterity, good memory, and physical fitness sufficient to work safely on flight lines, in hangars, and on shipboard aircraft.
NewSales Engineer GCR Professional ServicesSales EngineerAmesbury, Massachusetts$85,000–$120,000 / yearThis role collaborates closely with Sales, Engineering, Operations, and Quality to develop and deliver engineered solutions that meet customer requirements while driving revenue growth, customer satisfaction, and long-term business relationships. The Sales Engineer serves as the technical liaison between customers and internal teams, providing engineering expertise throughout the sales process.
NewApplication Engineer GCR Professional ServicesApplication EngineerBillerica, Massachusetts$95,000–$130,000 / yearJob Summary: This role is responsible for translating customer technical requirements into product specifications, designing and validating new features, and developing custom mechanical components. It also includes maintaining technical documentation, providing on-site support, and collaborating cross-functionally to ensure successful product implementation.
Flight Software Engineer GCR Professional ServicesFlight Software EngineerCambridge, MassachusettsContractorClient is seeking a software engineer with an B.S. or a M.S. in Aerospace Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Systems Engineering, Computer Science or equivalent. Integration and test will include everything from unit testing, static and dynamic testing, integration and interface testing, debugging, and defect resolution.
NewRF Engineer PlanIT GroupRF EngineerChelmsford, MAExpertise with RF subsystems and hardware including antennas, transmitters, receivers, microwave components, low noise amplifiers, high power amplifiers, advanced electronic modules, amplifiers, mixers, switches, frequency generation circuits, and frequency conversion circuits is desired. Basic Minimum Requirements: • Bachelor of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering preferred or BS Degree in Science, Technology, Engineering, or Math (STEM) accepted plus a minimum of 5+ years of relevant professional engineering experience.
STS Senior Test Development Engineer P3 Butler America AerospaceSTS Senior Test Development Engineer P3Billerica, MA$75–$85 / hourContractorDesired Skills (Nice to Have)Experience with project leadership, project cost and schedule management, i.e. EVMS, MS ProjectDoW (DoD) project development life cycle processes. The individual comes up to speed quickly, has an impact on our projects developing test stations/fixtures/automated test software, has familiarity with a process heavy work environment.
STS Senior Test Development Engineer P2 Butler America AerospaceSTS Senior Test Development Engineer P2Billerica, MA$80–$95 / hourContractorDesired Skills (Nice to Have)Experience with project leadership, project cost and schedule management, i.e. EVMS, MS ProjectDoW (DoD) project development life cycle processes. The individual comes up to speed quickly, has an impact on our projects developing test stations/fixtures/automated test software, has familiarity with a process heavy work environment.
NewRelay Settings Engineer LeidosRelay Settings EngineerFramingham, MARemote$57,850–$104,575Ability to learn development of relay settings for microprocessor relays including: SEL, Alstom, GE, ABB and others for both transmission line relays (Line Differential, Step Distance and Pilot Schemes) and substation relays (Capacitors, Transformers and buses). Our services include engineering, planning, project management, construction management, and commissioning for electric power substations and transmission and distribution lines; protection and controls design; and electrification programs.
Automation Engineer II Hutchinson Sealing Systems, Inc.Automation Engineer IINewfields, NHFull timep>Hutchinson Sealing Systems, Inc. in Newfields, NH seeks Automation Engineer II to be responsible for concept development, design, build & installation & programming of new automated manufacturing cells specifically for automotive body sealing system. Req BA in Engineering (Electrical, Mechanical, or Mechatronic), or Robotics & Automation & 6 months exp.
Civil/Structural Engineer LeidosCivil/Structural EngineerFramingham, MARemote$73,450–$132,775Clients requiring subject matter expertise consulting could include private equity, infrastructure and hedge funds, investment and commercial banks, private developers, legal and financial advisors, original equipment manufacturers, DOE, and EIA, among others. Our services include engineering, planning, project management, construction management, and commissioning for electric power substations and transmission and distribution lines; protection and controls design; and electrification programs.
Senior Civil/Structural Engineer LeidosSenior Civil/Structural EngineerFramingham, MA$92,300–$166,850Clients requiring subject matter expertise consulting could include private equity, infrastructure and hedge funds, investment and commercial banks, private developers, legal and financial advisors, original equipment manufacturers, DOE, and EIA, among others. Our services include engineering, planning, project management, construction management, and commissioning for electric power substations and transmission and distribution lines; protection and controls design; and electrification programs.
Manufacturing Engineer, Molding - Defense - Newington, NH Michael Page USAManufacturing Engineer, Molding - Defense - Newington, NHNewington, NH$110,000–$115,000 / yearFull timeThey are recognized for their commitment to engineering excellence, continuous improvement, and ethical business practices, offering employees the chance to contribute to products that support critical industries worldwide. Reporting directly into the Manufacturing Engineering Manager, you will be responsible for the following: Design, develop, and implement molding equipment, tooling, and manufacturing processes.
Sales Director - Utility Distribution (Remote - North America) Michael Page USASales Director - Utility Distribution (Remote - North America)Boston, MARemote$150,000–$180,000 / yearFull timeOur client is a global manufacturer within the high-voltage electrical infrastructure and power transmission space, supporting utility, grid modernization, and energy distribution applications across North America, LATAM, Europe, and Asia. Knowledge of utility transmission and distribution products such as line hardware, cable accessories, surge protection, connectors, insulation products, or related electrical infrastructure solutions preferred.
NewSenior Regulatory Engineer (onsite) Johnson ControlsSenior Regulatory Engineer (onsite)Westford, MA$100,000–$140,000 / yearJohnson Controls, a global leader in thermal management, mission-critical building systems, energy efficiency, and decarbonization, helps customers use energy more productively, reduce carbon emissions, and operate with the precision and resilience required in rapidly expanding industries such as data centers, healthcare, pharmaceuticals, advanced manufacturing, and higher education. Backed by advanced technology, lifecycle services and an industry-leading field organization, we elevate customer performance, turn goals into real-world results and help move society forward.
NewSr. Process Engineer Johnson ControlsSr. Process EngineerBurlington, MA$97,000–$162,000 / yearYou will be a key contributor across multiple steps of our manufacturing process, which includes areas such as laser cutting, metal-metal bonding, surface characterization/preparation, complex part geometry design, advanced data and computational analysis, and material property optimization. Technical degree (BS/MS) with 7+ years of industry experience, or a PhD with 3+ years of industry experience in Mechanical Engineering, System Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Controls Engineering, Advanced Manufacturing, or a related field.
NewSenior Engineer (Electrical Planning and Design), Electrical Engineering National Grid PlcSenior Engineer (Electrical Planning and Design), Electrical EngineeringMA$134,000–$157,000 / yearRequired by the Massachusetts legislature, Electric Sector Modernization Plans (ESMPs) are strategic roadmaps to modernize and upgrade the electric grid to enable an affordable, equitable clean energy transition, whilst ensuring the grid can handle increased demand from electrification and the deployment of renewable energy sources. Support implementation and delivery of the Electric Sector Modernization Plan and Capital Work Plan by: o Design and configure communications systems within substations that transport digital data between Intelligent Electronic Devices and entrance devices.
Engineer (Electrical Planning and Design), Electrical Engineering National Grid PlcEngineer (Electrical Planning and Design), Electrical EngineeringWaltham, MA$109,000–$128,000 / yearKnowledge of power systems strongly preferred including protection system operation and reliability philosophy, utility system practices, three-phase power system theory/operation both static and dynamic, short circuit theory/application, motor generation theory/application, reactive compensation theory, substation configuration/construction/maintenance techniques, transmission line configurations/design/maintenance techniques, outage planning, and congestion philosophy and analysis. Perform all computer modeling necessary to conduct power flow and stability studies for Transmission Planning as well as other National Grid engineering functions; utilize a team approach to ensure consistent and thorough analysis in all Transmission Planning studies.
NewAtlas Electrical Engineering Manager Boston DynamicsAtlas Electrical Engineering ManagerWaltham, MA$150,000–$200,000 / yearAtlas Electrical Engineering ManagerApplylocations: Waltham, MAtime type: Full timeposted on: Posted Yesterdayjob requisition id: R2870We're looking for an **Electrical Engineering Manager** to lead a team to design, development, and support high-performance Actuator Products for next-generation humanoid robotic platforms. Collaborate with other managers and engineers on hard design problems, work across disciplines to understand failure modes and design tests to validate design performance* Evaluate, derisk and introduce new technologies to improve performance, reliability, and scalability.*
Electrical Engineering Manager FormlabsElectrical Engineering ManagerSomerville, MA$170,000–$260,000 / yearDrive the team to hit program milestones, provide input to program schedules, actively work with cross functional leaders to develop products more efficiently. If you're looking to lead and develop a rapidly growing team of talented electrical engineers as we create next-generation digital fabrication technology, then we want you as our Manager of Electrical Engineering.
NewSenior Electrical Engineer - Building Engineering Fashion Institute of Design & MerchandisingSenior Electrical Engineer - Building EngineeringBoston, MAExperience and understanding of sustainable building design including sustainable design certifications such as LEED AP and/or WELL AP.Experience with commissioning and retro‑commissioning including industry certifications for commissioning authority or Certified Energy Manager (CEM).Significant experience designing complex and large‑scale healthcare, education, science and technology and civic/government facilities as well as data centers and campus district utility plants. Primary responsibilities include the design and technical review of facility-level electrical engineering for medium-voltage and low-voltage systems, including power distribution systems, emergency generators, UPS systems, lighting fixtures and controls, fire alarm/security systems, and motor controls.
Electrical Engineering Manager Formlabs IncElectrical Engineering ManagerSomerville, MA$160,000–$195,000 / yearDrive the team to hit program milestones, provide input to program schedules, actively work with cross functional leaders to develop products more efficiently. If you''re looking to lead and develop a rapidly growing team of talented electrical engineers as we create next-generation digital fabrication technology, then we want you as our Manager of Electrical Engineering.
Electrical Engineering Lead-Transmission & Substations VHBElectrical Engineering Lead-Transmission & SubstationsWatertown, MA$125,000–$181,000 / yearDevelop/review physical electrical drawings, material lists, calculations, analyses, reports, and specifications such as one-line diagrams, conduit sizing and layouts, physical layouts and elevations, equipment specifications, AC and DC calculations, and voltage drop, lightning, grounding, and lighting studies. The position would work with other practice groups in VHB, including civil and structural engineering, environmental, planning, and regulatory groups primarily as part of an integrated team supporting energy project design, permitting, and delivery.
Electrical Engineers II, Analog & Power - Actively Growing Our Engineering Team! RTX CorpElectrical Engineers II, Analog & Power - Actively Growing Our Engineering Team!Tewksbury, MAProvide support to production, integration, and test activities • Gain greater mastery of analog and power engineering design • Demonstrate self-motivation • Travel to Marlborough, MA; Tewksbury, MA; Andover, MA; Woburn, MA; and/or Pelham, NH may be required depending on the assignment. • Education or Work experience in one of the following areas: Analog Electronics, Power Electronics/Systems, Power Distribution or Control Systems • Experience with modeling and simulation using PSPICE, MATLAB/Simulink, or similar computer-based tools.
NewStaff Electrical Engineering Manager Wilcox IndustriesStaff Electrical Engineering ManagerNewington, New HampshireStrong track record of successfully managing complex electrical engineering projects and leading high-performing teams in a high-tech or engineering-intensive environment. This role requires a strategic leader with a deep understanding of electrical engineering principles, exceptional project management skills, and the ability to collaborate across multiple disciplines to achieve company goals.
Senior Electrical Engineers, Analog & Power - Actively Growing Our Engineering Team! RTX CorpSenior Electrical Engineers, Analog & Power - Actively Growing Our Engineering Team!Andover, MARaytheon analog and power design, product and production support engineering occurs in following areas: Power System Design - Power System Noise, System Simulation and Modeling, Solid State Transmitters, Tube Transmitters, High Voltage Design, Power Sources, Generators. Design, test, and/or production experience with analog or power electronics, power systems, power conversion, power distribution, power sub-system design and/or control systems.
Specialist III - Engineering Assistant - Electrical/Test Engineer (Lexington, MA, US) MIT Lincoln LaboratorySpecialist III - Engineering Assistant - Electrical/Test Engineer (Lexington, MA, US)Lexington, MA$110,400–$148,900 / yearExamples of recent projects include the prototyping of electronic systems and effects, hardware-in-the-loop testing of tactically relevant payloads with surrogate threat systems, developing RF subsystems for satellites, and analysis of spacecraft mission dynamics, environments, and resiliency. The final salary offered to a selected candidate will depend on various factors, including—but not limited to—the scope and responsibilities of the role, the candidate’s experience, skills and education/training, internal equity considerations and applicable legal requirements.
Specialist II - Engineering Assistant - Electrical/Test Engineer (Lexington, MA, US) MIT Lincoln LaboratorySpecialist II - Engineering Assistant - Electrical/Test Engineer (Lexington, MA, US)Lexington, MA$98,600–$133,500 / yearExamples of recent projects include the prototyping of electronic systems and effects, hardware-in-the-loop testing of tactically relevant payloads with surrogate threat systems, developing RF subsystems for satellites, and analysis of spacecraft mission dynamics, environments, and resiliency. The final salary offered to a selected candidate will depend on various factors, including—but not limited to—the scope and responsibilities of the role, the candidate’s experience, skills and education/training, internal equity considerations and applicable legal requirements.
Senior Electrical Engineering Technician SharkNinja Operating LLCSenior Electrical Engineering TechnicianNeedham, MA$73,600–$105,000 / yearPowered by two trusted, global brands, Shark and Ninja, the company has a proven track record of bringing disruptive innovation to market and developing one consumer product after another has allowed SharkNinja to enter multiple product categories, driving significant growth and market share gains. SharkNinja is a global product design and technology company, with a diversified portfolio of 5-star rated lifestyle solutions that positively impact people's lives in homes around the world.
Atlas Electrical Engineering Manager Boston Dynamics IncAtlas Electrical Engineering ManagerWaltham, MA$150,000–$200,000 / yearThis role sits at the intersection of product design, cutting edge motor drive and sensing technology, and manufacturing, shaping how complex electromechanical systems are conceived, integrated, brought to life at scale, and maintained in the field. We're looking for an Electrical Engineering Manager to lead a team to design, development, and support high-performance Actuator Products for next-generation humanoid robotic platforms.
Lead Electrical Engineering WSP Global IncLead Electrical EngineeringBoston, MA$118,000–$175,230 / yearProvides high-level technical assistance and guidance for design of electrical systems including lighting, controls, fire alarm, and power distribution for Healthcare, Life Science, Industrial, and Commercial scale projects in the public and private sector. WSP USA is providing the compensation range that the company in good faith believes it might pay and offer for this position, based on the successful applicants education, experience, knowledge, skills, abilities, in addition to internal equity and specific geographic location.