Build students' fluency with core physics skills and concepts—kinematics, Newton's laws and forces, energy and momentum, rotational motion, oscillations and waves, thermodynamics, electrostatics, circuits, magnetism, and (for calculus-based courses) the calculus underlying them—and their ability to move between different representations of the same idea (verbal, diagrammatic, graphical, and mathematical). Plan lessons and prepare materials (practice sets, review guides, worked problem sets, free-body-diagram and circuit-analysis practice, lab concept reviews, exam-style questions, and structured exam-prep schedules as test dates approach).