GIS Manager Invenergy LLCGIS ManagerChicago, IL$118,000–$170,000 / yearAs a Senior Manager, you will guide a team of GIS professionals and work closely with internal client teams to ensure geospatial data and map deliverables are accurately prepared for project workflows. With 25 years of trusted execution, we deliver reliable, affordable energy through a diverse portfolio that includes natural gas, solar, land-based wind, energy storage, transmission, and domestic manufacturing.
GIS Manager InvenergyGIS ManagerChicago, IL$118,000–$170,000 / yearAs a Senior Manager, you will guide a team of GIS professionals and work closely with internal client teams to ensure geospatial data and map deliverables are accurately prepared for project workflows. With 25 years of trusted execution, we deliver reliable, affordable energy through a diverse portfolio that includes natural gas, solar, land-based wind, energy storage, transmission, and domestic manufacturing.
GIS Specialist 1 Cbre ValuationGIS Specialist 1Chicago, ILCBRE serves clients through four business segments: Advisory (leasing, sales, debt origination, mortgage serving, valuations); Building Operations & Experience (facilities management, property management, flex space & experience); Project Management (program management, project management, cost consulting); Real Estate Investments (investment management, development). Postuler Partager cet emploi : Partager Partager GIS Specialist 1 avec LinkedIn Partager GIS Specialist 1 avec Twitter Partager GIS Specialist 1 avec un ami par courriel Retour Joignez-vous à notre communauté de talents Keep up to date with exciting career opportunities and the latest news.
GIS Developer / DBA United NationsGIS Developer / DBAILDesign and Development of software applications using GIS • Contribute technical expertise to requirements analysis to improve the quality of the solution design • Provide detailed documentation of changes and manage version control with the available systems (Git) • Provide 3rd level application support and problem resolution in relation to the geospatial components. The United Nations Office of Information and Communication Technology's Enterprise Solutions Service (OICT/ESS) develops and supports a wide range of enterprise solutions and provides products and services that support the work of the UN.
NewGIS Application Developer Sr. Southern CoGIS Application Developer Sr.Naperville, ILThe company has electric operating companies in three states, natural gas distribution companies in four states, a competitive generation company, a leading distributed energy solutions provider with national capabilities, a fiber optics network and telecommunications services. The Developer Sr, Application for Asset Technology/Geographic Information System (GIS) position within Gas Technology Delivery will work with limited supervision to design and develop custom applications to support the GIS Technology portfolio utilized by Southern Company Gas as well as the build and support of Southern Company Gas COTS applications.
Utility Network GIS Consultant, Manager PricewaterhouseCoopers LLPUtility Network GIS Consultant, ManagerIL$99,000–$232,000 / yearPreference for a Master''s of Business Administration or PHD degree in at least one of the following fields of study: Computer and Information Science, Computer Engineering, Computer Management, Computer Science, Engineering, Geography, Geological Engineering, Geophysics, Information Technology, Management Information Systems. In this role at PwC, you will take ownership of projects, confirming their successful planning, budgeting, execution, and completion, while addressing conflicts or issues and engaging in difficult conversations with clients and stakeholders.
(Remote) GIS Developer Harris Computer Systems(Remote) GIS DeveloperILRemoteAbout DataVoice: DataVoice International's integrated utility management systems give utilities the tools they need to reliably and quickly serve their customers while cutting back on their own workloads by using accurate data to map outages, track their vehicles, communicate with workers and interact with customers. As a wholly owned subsidiary of Constellation Software Inc. ("CSI", symbol CSU on the TSX), Harris has become the cornerstone for CSI's investment in utility, local government, school districts, public safety, and healthcare software verticals.
GIS Technician Distribution Artech LLCGIS Technician DistributionNaperville, IL$35–$40 / hourCore Software: Expertise in GIS software ( ArcGIS , QGIS) and spatial databases ( Oracle Spatial , PostgreSQL/PostGIS ). Advanced Analysis: Perform complex spatial analysis for asset management, distribution planning, and outage management.
Utility Network GIS Consultant, Senior Associate PricewaterhouseCoopers LLPUtility Network GIS Consultant, Senior AssociateRosemont, IL$77,000–$202,000 / yearThese individuals analyse client needs, implement software solutions, and provide training and support for seamless integration and utilisation of business applications, enabling clients to achieve their strategic objectives. PwC does not intend to hire experienced or entry level job seekers who will need, now or in the future, PwC sponsorship through the H-1B lottery, except as set forth within the following policy: https://pwc.to/H-1B-Lottery-Policy .
NewSenior Manager Sales Professional - CIS for GIS Sales Specialist DXC TechnologySenior Manager Sales Professional - CIS for GIS Sales SpecialistChicago, ILIn addition to the posters already identified, DXC provides access to prospective employees for the Federal Minimum Wage Poster, Federal Polygraph Protection Act Poster as well as any state or locality specific applicant posters. DXC does not make offers of employment via social media networks and DXC never asks for any money or payments from applicants at any point in the recruitment process, nor ask a job seeker to purchase IT or other equipment on our behalf.
GIS Technician 3 (Distribution) MindlanceGIS Technician 3 (Distribution)Naperville, ILA Distribution GIS Technician with 10 to 15 years of experience is a senior professional responsible for maintaining highly accurate GIS databases, guiding junior staff, and leveraging advanced spatial analysis to support the utility's distribution operations and strategic decision-making. Advanced Analysis: Perform advanced spatial analysis to support distribution planning, asset management, and outage management, aiding in strategic decision-making processes.
Sr. GIS Specialist (m/f/d) Nordex SESr. GIS Specialist (m/f/d)Chicago, ILThe individual should have the ability to exercise good independent judgment in a variety of situations, handle themselves well when in the field or external calls, or companies we are partnering with, have strong written and verbal communication, and the ability to maintain a realistic balance among multiple priorities and be flexible when the priorities change based on customer needs. Develop, Use, integrate Nordex GIS tools, LIDAR data, Drone Othomosaic photometry data with AutoCAD and AutoTURN to assist the team in its evaluation of alternatives to best improve safety, access, and mobility.
Adjunct Faculty - Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Harper CollegeAdjunct Faculty - Geographic Information Systems (GIS)Palatine, ILThe successful candidate will have the ability to develop course materials, deliver instruction to a diverse range of students, and support student learning in GIS software, spatial data management, cartography, spatial analysis, and remote sensing. Applicable Benefits: We offer a competitive, semester by semester adjunct pay, with some tuition waivers available after 3 semesters; sick and personal business leave; and a comprehensive Adjunct Faculty Development Program.
GIS Technician LancesoftGIS TechnicianNaperville, IL$25RoleGIS Technician 2LocationNaperville, IL 60563Pay Range$27 to $31 per hour on W2 (All inclusive)Duration36 months (Possible extension or Conversion) . RESPONSIBILITIES: Manage routine GIS tasks, including data management and map creation ensuring accuracy and efficiency.
GIS Technician 3 (Distribution) - GISTD3 LancesoftGIS Technician 3 (Distribution) - GISTD3Naperville, IL$30Manage routine GIS tasks, including data management and map creation ensuring accuracy and efficiency. 2-4 Years working with ESRI GIS software, tools and databases.
GIS Tech 2 4P/307 4P ConsultingGIS Tech 2 4P/307Naperville, IllinoisTechnology Proficiency Esri ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS 10.2x Advanced Linear Referencing Advanced MS Office Suite (Excel, Access, Word, PowerPoint, Visio) Advanced ArcGIS Enterprise, Geometric Network Intermediate Model Builder, Python, SQL (RDBMS) Intermediate AutoCAD/CADD, Visual Basic/VBA, SharePoint Basic Additional Skills: This position is critical in ensuring data accuracy, supporting GIS project deliverables, and developing process improvements across GIS operations.
GIS Analyst III 4P/565 4P ConsultingGIS Analyst III 4P/565Naperville, IllinoisThe GIS Analyst III will develop a strong understanding of current GIS data environments, workflows, and business processes to design and implement solutions for data integrations, transformations, and deliverables. The ideal candidate demonstrates the ability to solve complex problems, recommend optimal data processing strategies, and support enterprise-level GIS initiatives within a utility or pipeline environment.
GIS Tech 2 4P ConsultingGIS Tech 2Naperville, IllinoisManage routine GIS tasks, including data management and map creation, ensuring accuracy and efficiency. 2-4 years of hands-on experience with GIS software, tools, and databases.
GIS Analyst T.Y. Lin International Group LtdGIS AnalystChicago, ILTYLin is a globally recognized, full-service infrastructure consulting firm committed to providing innovative, cost-effective, constructible designs for the global infrastructure market. The candidate will be responsible for evaluating environmental planning/permitting issues and conduct field investigations, data analytics, and research for assigned projects.
GIS Technician Ricondo & AssociatesGIS TechnicianChicago, IllinoisExperience and extensive knowledge of Esri platform and products including ArcGIS Pro and ArcGIS Online (ArcGIS Enterprise is a plus), and built-in tools to maintain, manipulate, and edit geospatial datasets. Our firm provides strategic planning services to airports across the United States and around the world, including operational and physical planning, master planning, environmental reviews, and business advisory services.
GIS Tech 1/2 4P ConsultingGIS Tech 1/2Naperville, IllinoisCreates maps, drawings and reports for internal and external customers ensuring that quality and turnaround time metrics are consistently met. Converts as built data into GIS ensuring that quality and turnaround time metrics are consistently met.
Assistant GIS Specialist GTTAssistant GIS SpecialistChicago, ILThe Assistant GIS Specialist will work closely within functional teams to deliver GIS data and GIS services to our clients, with a strong emphasis on teamwork, customer commitment, sense of urgency, and continuous improvement. This position will assist in GIS analysis, GIS data maintenance and data preparation for use in the client's online GIS systems and regularly communicate project status to our customers, as customer service is a key component of the Assistant GIS Specialist position.
GIS Tech 3 StratAcuity Staffing Partners IncGIS Tech 3Naperville, IL$30–$37 / hourIn terms of professional development, Everforth Apex hosts an on-demand training program, provides access to certification prep and a library of technical and leadership courses/books/seminars once you have 6+ months of tenure, and certification discounts and other perks to associations that include CompTIA and IIBA. Everforth Apex also offers a HSA (Health Savings Account on the HDHP plan), a SupportLinc Employee Assistance Program (EAP) with up to 8 free counseling sessions, a corporate discount savings program and other discounts.
GIS Technician Ricondo & Associates, Inc.GIS TechnicianChicago, ILFull timeExperience and extensive knowledge of Esri platform and products including ArcGIS Pro and ArcGIS Online (ArcGIS Enterprise is a plus), and built-in tools to maintain, manipulate, and edit geospatial datasets. Our firm provides strategic planning services to airports across the United States and around the world, including operational and physical planning, master planning, environmental reviews, and business advisory services.
GIS Technician III – Distribution. 4P/741 4P ConsultingGIS Technician III – Distribution. 4P/741Naperville, IllinoisThis senior-level role is responsible for ensuring the accuracy and integrity of GIS databases, performing advanced spatial analysis, supporting engineering and operations teams, and mentoring junior GIS technicians. The ideal candidate will have 10–15 years of GIS experience , preferably within the utility or energy industry, along with strong expertise in ArcGIS, spatial databases, and utility mapping.
GIS Technician II 4P/722 4P ConsultingGIS Technician II 4P/722Naperville, IllinoisESRI GIS, GIS Data Management, Map Creation, GIS Databases, Data Editing, Data Quality, Utility Mapping, As-Built Mapping, Gas Utilities, Troubleshooting, Spatial Data, Team Collaboration. We are seeking an experienced GIS Technician II to support GIS data management, map creation, database updates, and utility mapping activities for Nicor Gas.
GIS Technician Apprentice CBRE Group IncGIS Technician ApprenticeChicago, ILCBRE serves clients through four business segments: Advisory (leasing, sales, debt origination, mortgage serving, valuations); Building Operations & Experience (facilities management, property management, flex space & experience); Project Management (program management, project management, cost consulting); Real Estate Investments (investment management, development). CBRE Group, Inc. (NYSE:CBRE), a Fortune 500 and S&P 500 company headquartered in Dallas, is the world's largest commercial real estate services and investment firm (based on 2024 revenue).
NewOSP Field Manager Startech Networks IncOSP Field ManagerChicago, IllinoisTools: IQGEO, Arc GIS, Auto cad, Aramis, Waldo, BSTCAD, Spatial Net, Micro station, ArcMap (Esri suite), BentleyComms V8i (Fiber/Coax/Strand), Centurylink-NID, Katapult, NDS, Firework Google Earth/KMZ. The ideal candidate is a hands-on leader who can perform complex field surveys, validate constructability, resolve conflicts in real time, and translate field conditions into accurate engineering deliverables that drive permitting and construction.
Sr. Account Manager - Local Government (Northern Midwest) Job | Esri Career Opportunity Environmental Systems Research Institute IncSr. Account Manager - Local Government (Northern Midwest) Job | Esri Career OpportunityChicago, IL$114,400–$218,400 / yearClearly articulate the strength and value of Esri technology as it relates to large complex government state and local government organizations Consistently conduct research and pursue professional development to ensure competitive knowledge. We invite you to bring your experience and passion for large complex Government organizations coupled with an understanding of applying geospatial technology to become an integral part of Esri's Mid-west account team.
Advanced Air Mobility Associate Project Manager Hanson Professional Services IncAdvanced Air Mobility Associate Project ManagerChicago, IL$95,000–$130,000 / yearA Day in the Life of an AAM Associate Project Manager (AAM-Focused): Lead and manage AAM planning projects, including master plans, airport layout plans (ALPs), and capital improvement programs (CIPs) for municipal and regional airports, as well as private clients. This individual will lead and support AAM planning and design efforts for airport and aviation-related projects, with a strong emphasis on integrating emerging technologies, including eVTOL aircraft, vertiports, and next-generation air mobility systems.
Project Manager, Energy and Utilities-2605240AH01 Ardmore RoderickProject Manager, Energy and Utilities-2605240AH01Chicago, ILFull timeSalary Range: $91,104-120,640, Ardmore Roderick is providing the compensation range that the company believes it might pay and/or offer for this position, based on the successful applicant’s education, experience, knowledge, skills and abilities in addition to internal equity and specific geographic location. As a Project Manager, Energy and Utilities , you join a team of infrastructure solutions experts working to solve our client’s ever evolving project needs.
Oracle Utilities Meter Data Management (MDM) Functional Lead Accenture PlcOracle Utilities Meter Data Management (MDM) Functional LeadChicago, ILThis role is pivotal in managing and optimizing Clients meter data operations within the Oracle CCS/MDM platform, ensuring accurate and timely processing of meter data to support billing, settlements, regulatory compliance, and customer operations across our US service territories. You will serve as the primary functional expert bridging our Metering, Customer Operations, IT, and Regulatory teams - owning the end-to-end functional integrity of meter data management from collection through consumption.
Strategic Account Manager - Geotech Construction GeoStabilization International LLCStrategic Account Manager - Geotech ConstructionILRemote$120,000–$150,000 / yearThis role sits at the intersection of solution design, estimating, and business development, supporting strategic pursuits while building the skills required to grow into a Project Development Engineer, Regional Director, or senior commercial leader. We are deliberately building a bench of engineers who can scale - technically, operationally, and eventually as Project Managers, Technical Directors, and Regional Leaders.
NewBusiness Development Manager - Geotech Construction GeoStabilization InternationalBusiness Development Manager - Geotech ConstructionChicago, ILRemote$120,000–$135,000 / yearThis role sits at the intersection of solution design, estimating, and business development, supporting strategic pursuits while building the skills required to grow into a Project Development Engineer, Regional Director, or senior commercial leader. Access Limited brings over a century of steep-slope expertise and operates North America's largest fleet of spider excavators, delivering complex rockfall and geotechnical solutions in the most challenging environments.
Strategic Account Manager - Geotech Construction GeoStabilization InternationalStrategic Account Manager - Geotech ConstructionChicago, IllinoisRemoteThis role sits at the intersection of solution design, estimating, and business development, supporting strategic pursuits while building the skills required to grow into a Project Development Engineer, Regional Director, or senior commercial leader. Access Limited brings over a century of steep-slope expertise and operates North America’s largest fleet of spider excavators, delivering complex rockfall and geotechnical solutions in the most challenging environments.
NewOSP Project Manager Startech Networks IncOSP Project ManagerChicago, IllinoisTools: IQGEO, Arc GIS, Auto cad, Aramis, Waldo, BSTCAD, Spatial Net, Micro station, ArcMap (Esri suite), BentleyComms V8i (Fiber/Coax/Strand), Centurylink-NID, Katapult, NDS, Firework Google Earth/KMZ. The ideal candidate is a hands-on leader who can perform complex field surveys, validate constructability, resolve conflicts in real time, and translate field conditions into accurate engineering deliverables that drive permitting and construction.
Manager, Utilities, IT/OT Program Leadership West MonroeManager, Utilities, IT/OT Program LeadershipChicago, IllinoisExperience integrating AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT) into day-to-day workflows to enhance productivity and insight generation, coupled with strong critical thinking to assess accuracy, mitigate bias, and ensure high-quality outputs. This role is ideal for someone passionate about leading complex IT and OT projects and programs, driving innovation, and delivering impactful solutions for our clients in the Energy & Utilities space.
Engineering Specialist HBK Engineering, LLCEngineering SpecialistOak Brook, IllinoisFull timeWe have successfully performed engineering work for a complete spectrum of utility infrastructure projects providing solutions and construction support from Coast to Coast in areas ranging from complex urban city centers, to rural greenfields, to limited access rights-of-way. Prepare detailed engineering and construction documents using a variety of software tools including AutoCAD, MicroStation, GIS systems, and client-specific enterprise asset management platforms.
Plans Examiner (Community Development) Village of Schaumburg, ILPlans Examiner (Community Development)Schaumburg, IL$34.07–$49.67 / hourABOUT THE VILLAGE OF SCHAUMBURG: The village employs approximately 600 employees in 12 departments, including police, fire, engineering and public works, communications, community development, cultural services, economic development, finance, general government, human resources, information technology, and transportation. JOB SUMMARY: This position reports to the Building Official and reviews and approves plans for residential, commercial/industrial construction, and fire systems submitted to the department which requires a permit for compliance with international building codes and local ordinances.
NewCivil Engineer LuxusCivil EngineerNorthbrook, IL$95,000–$125,000 / yearKeywords: Civil Engineer, PE License, Illinois Engineering, Land Development, Stormwater Management, AutoCAD Civil 3D, MicroStation, Hydrology, MWRD, IDOT, Site Development, Watermain Design, Northbrook Jobs, AEC Recruiting, CFM. Whether you are leading a stormwater analysis or coordinating with state agencies, you will be supported by a firm that invests heavily in your professional trajectory through tuition reimbursement and clear paths to senior principal roles.
Senior Environmental Regulatory Permitting Manager - FERC Stantec IncSenior Environmental Regulatory Permitting Manager - FERCChicago, ILProvide technical leadership and project management for oil & gas midstream permitting projects (FERC-regulated natural gas or liquids pipeline projects) and energy transition projects throughout the US. Primary Location: United States | IL | Chicago Organization: 1937 EnvSvcs-US Great Lakes East-Chicago IL Employee Status: Regular Business Justification: New Position Travel: No Schedule: Full time Job Posting: 21/04/2026 02:04:51 Req ID: 1005490.
Civil/Structural Engineering Manager - Electrical Substations GE Vernova IncCivil/Structural Engineering Manager - Electrical SubstationsOakbrook Terrace, ILRemote$113,200–$188,800 / yearWith the growth of the Grid Solutions Integration NAM Region business portfolio and increased work scope and complexity of our customer projects, the Civil Engineering Manager (People Leader) shall lead direct reports, sub-disciplines, and contractors. The GSI NAM Region Civil Engineering Manager leads a team of civil engineers, direct reports, supervises and coordinates civil engineering design team assignments & responsibilities in their discipline which include civil engineers and is considered as a technical referent for the teams.
Sales Team Lead - Commercial (Mid-Market Accounts) Job | Esri Career Opportunity Environmental Systems Research Institute IncSales Team Lead - Commercial (Mid-Market Accounts) Job | Esri Career OpportunityChicago, IL$114,400–$197,600 / yearUse your advanced Hi-Tech, Media & Entertainment, Consumer Goods & Services, Insurance and Financial Services industry knowledge and its relevance to the application of GIS (Geographic Information System) to clearly articulate the strength and value of Esri technology. Advanced knowledge of the Hi-Tech, Media & Entertainment, Consumer Goods & Services, or Insurance and Financial Services industry and new technology trends, and the ability to translate this into complex solutions for customers.
Civil Engineer - Land Development Stantec IncCivil Engineer - Land DevelopmentChicago, ILPrimary Location: United States | IL | Chicago Organization: BC-1903 CommDev-US North Central Employee Status: Regular Business Justification: New Position Travel: No Schedule: Full time Job Posting: 12/06/2026 09:06:11 Req ID: 1006272. The diverse perspectives of our partners and interested parties drive us to think beyond what's previously been done on critical issues like climate change, digital transformation, and future-proofing our cities and infrastructure.
Sr. Project Manager, Geothermal Project Management Invenergy LLCSr. Project Manager, Geothermal Project ManagementChicago, IL$155,000–$185,000 / yearThis role will encompass collaboration from project the development phase, including permitting, to management and leadership during the engineering, procurement and construction phases, along with budget, risk, and schedule management to ensure the project is completed on time, within scope and budget. Under your leadership, you will manage a team of specialists to develop, design, and build geothermal projects utilizing enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) and organic rankine cycles (ORC), amongst other technologies.
Senior Manager, Utilities, Customer Information Systems (SAP/Oracle) West MonroeSenior Manager, Utilities, Customer Information Systems (SAP/Oracle)Chicago, New YorkExperience integrating AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT) into day-to-day workflows to enhance productivity and insight generation, coupled with strong critical thinking to assess accuracy, mitigate bias, and ensure high-quality outputs. Coordinate across vendors, systems integrators, and client teams in multi-vendor environments to drive successful implementation of CIS and customer platform deployments and organizational readiness and adoption.
CAT Expert Allianz SECAT ExpertChicago, IL$130,000–$150,000 / yearA minimum of 3 years of experience in and deep understanding of CAT modelling management, including creation of local models, data pipelines and API calls; A minimum of 3 years of experience in insurance/reinsurance and Catastrophe Modeling Software GIS (Geographical Information Systems) applications; Strong background in cross-divisional and cross-departmental interactions, preferably additional experience beyond Underwriting (e.g., Actuarial, Finance, Reinsurance); Strong knowledge of critical insurer financials, pricing, and reserving; Experience with strategy and/or business development in underwriting or a different functional area; Technical and practical background in probabilistic CAT loss modelling concepts, as well as Risk Analysis and Catastrophe Modeling Tools; Experience with Databricks, and Power BI highly preferred; Verisk Arium experience is preferred; Project management and change management skills; Excellent verbal and written communications skills with an ability to communicate with a variety of people across the organization; Ability to utilize AI tools to support day-to-day tasks, improve efficiency and contribute to data-driven decision making; and. Working with CTO employees to run Catastrophe loss modelling reports and preparing regular and ad-hoc data extracts and reports for the monitoring of global loss potential, including portfolio analyses, CAT limit monitoring (AZ Group and AzC internal limits), supporting global business steering and providing input to ensure adequate Reinsurance protection.
NewSenior Project Manager- Electrification & Grid Infrastructure WSP Global IncSenior Project Manager- Electrification & Grid InfrastructureChicago, IL$102,200–$149,000 / yearAny unsolicited resumes, including those submitted to hiring managers or other business leaders, will become the property of WSP and WSP will have the right to hire that candidate without reservation - no fee or other compensation will be owed or paid to the recruiter, employment agency, or other staffing service. WSP USA is providing the compensation range that the company in good faith believes it might pay and offer for this position, based on the successful applicant's education, experience, knowledge, skills, abilities in addition to internal equity and specific geographic location.
Senior Project Manager, Practice Builder - Natural Gas Kimley-HornSenior Project Manager, Practice Builder - Natural GasChicago, IllinoisOur Project Managers/Practice Builders manage their projects profitably, transition work to qualified staff, grow and mentor staff, and act as a positive leader and mentor. We take pride in how our employee retention, robust benefits package, and company values have led to Kimley-Horn’s placement on the Fortune “100 Best Companies to Work” list for 17 years!
Manager II, Professional Services - IC OpenGov, Inc.Manager II, Professional Services - ICChicago, IL$135,000–$150,000 / yearCategory-leading products include enterprise asset management, procurement and contract management, accounting and budgeting, billing and revenue management, permitting and licensing, and transparency and open data. Requirements and Preferred Experience: Bachelors degree preferred or commensurate experience demonstrating the ability to perform the above responsibilities; Prior experience in a people management role is highly desirable.