Azure and AKS, GitHub Enterprise Cloud, GitHub Actions with self-hosted runner scale sets, Kubernetes, Crossplane, ArgoCD, JFrog Artifactory, Microsoft Entra ID, and OpenTelemetry-based observability. Practical experience with OpenTelemetry and a clear view of instrumentation as a platform concern rather than an application concern semantic conventions, collector architecture, auto-instrumentation, and the cardinality and cost tradeoffs that decide whether telemetry stays affordable at scale.