Apply and interpret statistical and causal measurement methods across solutions such as Brand Lift Studies, Conversion Lift Studies, incrementality experiments, geo-based measurement, attribution / MTA, Marketing Mix Modeling, Store Visit measurement, and other relevant measurement approaches. Analyze and interpret quantitative results using inferential statistical methods, including lift estimation, statistical significance, confidence intervals, regression-based analysis, and other causal or observational techniques; assess data quality, assumptions, bias, and methodological limitations.