Battery Electrical Engineer Actalent IncBattery Electrical EngineerHouston, TX$55–$75 / hourWe are proud to be an Engineering News-Record (ENR) Top 500 Design Firm for our engineering design services and a ClearlyRated Best of Staffing winner for both client and talent service. You will contribute to system-level requirements, lead hardware design efforts, and collaborate closely with suppliers and internal teams to deliver robust, flight-ready power storage solutions.
Automation Controls Engineer Silgan Containers LLCAutomation Controls EngineerHouston, TXKey Competencies • Strong analytical and troubleshooting skills • Ability to manage multiple projects and priorities • Effective communication with technical and non‑technical stakeholders • Continuous improvement mindset • Willingness to travel and support multiple manufacturing locations. A key focus of this position is the implementation of automation solutions that reduce end of line labor, improve line efficiency and productivity, enhance safety and reduce operational risk, and support cost reduction initiative across manufacturing operations.
Electrical Staff Engineering Technician - BESS Designer/Modeler Black & Veatch Holding CoElectrical Staff Engineering Technician - BESS Designer/ModelerHouston, TX$35.75–$59.71 / hourThis opportunity with Black & Veatch offers the chance to collaborate with multidisciplinary project teams within the Distributed Infrastructure Market Sector, supporting Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) projects and building critical infrastructure for today's and tomorrow's challenges. The Virtual Design & Data Solutions (VDDS) Staff Engineering Technician plays a key role in supporting the development of high‑quality engineering 2D/3D deliverables for these complex infrastructure projects.
Sr. Applications Engineer - Electrical Rolls-Royce Holdings PlcSr. Applications Engineer - ElectricalHouston, TX$90,985–$147,850 / yearOverseas and provides appropriate levels of guidance on design and development of generator set control systems, wiring harnesses, electrical diagrams, electronic engine systems, automatic voltage regulators, transformers, heaters, distribution panels, motor controls, protective relays, LV & MV paralleling switchgear, and any other electrical aspects of products. Bachelor's Degree in Electrical Engineering and 5 years of electrical engineering experience with design, field service, application, sales or manufacturing engineering; or 9 years of electrical engineering experience with design, field service, application, sales or manufacturing engineering.
Electrical Engineer - Data Center Iconma LLCElectrical Engineer - Data CenterHouston, TXDetailed understanding of UPS (uninterruptable power sources), diesel generators, medium and low voltage electrical switchgear, power distribution units, variable frequency drives, automatic/static transfer switches, electrical control systems, low voltage rectification systems, and other critical electrical equipment found within data centers. Stays up to date with advancements in electrical engineering and data center technologies and recommend new technologies to improve the reliability and efficiency of our data center product line.
Senior Commissioning Engineer VoltaGrid LLCSenior Commissioning EngineerHouston, TXWorking a rotational schedule of approximately three weeks in the field followed by one week working remotely, this position partners closely with field technicians, project managers, engineering teams, operations personnel and vendors to deliver reliable power generation solutions. During remote rotation weeks, prepare commissioning documentation, review project drawings, develop commissioning procedures, support engineering teams, analyze field issues, and assist with planning upcoming deployments.
Electrical Engineer 5 Star RecruitmentElectrical EngineerHouston, TexasPreferred: Experience working in Preliminary-Front End Engineering and Design (Pre-FEED), Front End Engineering Design (FEED), or Engineering, Procurement, Construction (EPC) of small to medium facility projects. Leads the design, implementation, and optimization of electrical systems and power distribution networks supporting critical infrastructure such as pipelines, compressor stations, and storage facilities.
Electrical Engineer 3 SolvenowElectrical Engineer 3Houston, TexasMinimum of 3 years related work experience All applicants must be able to complete pre-employment onboarding requirements (if selected) which may include any/all of the following: criminal/civil background check, drug screen, and motor vehicle records search, in compliance with any applicable laws and regulations. Client Focus: Actively seeks to understand client interests and drivers through normal client contact and through interaction and communication with project leadership.
Lead Electrical Engineer - Water Infrastructure Howard R Green CoLead Electrical Engineer - Water InfrastructureHouston, TX$101,200–$161,600 / yearCompletes major design tasks with limited supervision that meet the needs of internal and external customers, primarily design of power, lighting, grounding, standby generation, fire alarm, and other systems for Water/Wastewater facility projects. Makes major design decisions for power, lighting, grounding, standby generation, fire alarm, and other systems that meet the needs of external customers while coordinating the impact of such decisions on related project efforts.
Power Systems Studies/Protection Engineer Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories IncPower Systems Studies/Protection EngineerHouston, TX$115,000–$170,000 / yearAs a Project Engineer II/III - Studies, a typical day might include the following: Design and develop automation solutions for power system management projects, focusing on the SEL PowerMAX solution. As a Power System Studies Engineer in Engineering Services, you'll provide solutions and services that help our customers protect and control critical electrical infrastructure and power systems worldwide.
Direct Hire Opportunity//Staff Electrical Engineering Technician - Advanced Power Generation (APG)//Houston, TX TPI Global (formerly Tech Providers, Inc.)Direct Hire Opportunity//Staff Electrical Engineering Technician - Advanced Power Generation (APG)//Houston, TXHouston, TXMay supervise engineering technicians and support staff by coordinating, overseeing, and guiding conceptual and detailed design activities to ensure quality, efficiency, and alignment with project objectives. ·Applies advanced technical expertise to solve complex design challenges within a specific engineering discipline and contributes to the development of innovative engineering solutions.
Senior Substation Electrical Engineer (Remote) Exp Global IncSenior Substation Electrical Engineer (Remote)Houston, TXRemote$120,000–$190,000 / yearIn this role, you will be part of EXP's Energy Division, supporting projects across electrical power generation, transmission, and substations, including hydroelectric facilities, renewable energy (wind and solar), medium-, high-, and extra-high-voltage transmission systems, and advanced substation infrastructure. Act as a trusted technical advisor and primary engineering interface with utilities, ISOs/RTOs, EPC contractors, OEMs, and renewable developers, supporting project execution and strengthening long-term client relationships.
Senior Electrical Engineer, Data Centers On.EnergySenior Electrical Engineer, Data CentersHouston, TXInform the end-to-end electrical reference architectures for ON.energy products across hyperscale, colocation, enterprise, and AI factory topologies LV and MV distribution, data center substation interfaces, and next-generation 800 Vdc designs. This role is focused on data center electrical engineering, while maintaining utility-interface fluency to translate customer, operator, substation, and site-infrastructure requirements into deployable product requirements, interfaces, and reference electrical designs.
Electrical Superintendent - Industrial Kiewit CorpElectrical Superintendent - IndustrialHouston, TXWe offer our fulltime staff employees a comprehensive benefits package that's among the best in our industry, including top-tier medical, dental and vision plans covering eligible employees and dependents, voluntary wellness and employee assistance programs, life insurance, disability, retirement plans with matching, and generous paid time off. We are committed to safety, quality, and excellence in execution, providing our clients with world-class solutions while offering our employees stability, growth, and career development opportunities within a multi-billion-dollar organization.
Electrical - Associate Engineering Technician - Substation Drafter Black & Veatch Holding CoElectrical - Associate Engineering Technician - Substation DrafterHouston, TXThe Virtual Design & Data Solutions (VDDS) Associate Engineering Technician under general supervision, performs technical tasks requiring intermediate knowledge of engineering principles and practices in support of creating or modifying deliverables. You'll work alongside teams solving complex challenges and turning ideas into solutions that perform in the real world-gaining hands-on experience across projects, technologies, and disciplines.
Power Systems Studies/Protection Engineer Schweitzer Engineering LabsPower Systems Studies/Protection EngineerHouston, TX$115,000–$170,000 / yearAs a Project Engineer II/III - Studies, a typical day might include the following: Design and develop automation solutions for power system management projects, focusing on the SEL PowerMAX solution. As a Power System Studies Engineer in Engineering Services, you'll provide solutions and services that help our customers protect and control critical electrical infrastructure and power systems worldwide.
xPL Mechanical Engineer Turner Construction CoxPL Mechanical EngineerHouston, TXEssential Duties & Key Responsibilities: Develop mechanical designs for xPL Offsite Manufacturing (OSM) products and systems, including flow diagram development, equipment and component selections, submittal development, and system optimization. Position Description: Design mechanical systems (including developing flow diagrams, selecting equipment and materials, and pipe sizing) for offsite manufactured and modular building components.
PTE Project Engineer & Technical Manager WSP Global IncPTE Project Engineer & Technical ManagerHouston, TXThis role ensures technical training is developed to support safe, effective, and efficient work processes through a combination of technical understanding, project/client/team needs, and focused growth areas as defined by the PTE personnel and project management teams. Apply high-level electrical engineering techniques and processes to identify improvements for various infrastructure project phases involving more complex infrastructure engineering work, including concept development, preliminary design, final design, procurement, construction, and operation.
Senior Instrumentation and Controls Engineer WSP Global IncSenior Instrumentation and Controls EngineerHouston, TXThe team you will join will offer interesting diversity of global clients and projects in Environmental Infrastructure facilities, Oil & Gas, surface and underground mine infrastructure including dewatering, material handling, fuel and lube, maintenance shops, and pumping stations, industrial facilities, water and waste water industries, landfills and contaminated soil sites. Our team is seeking an energetic and responsive, full time, Senior Instrumentation and Controls (I&C) Engineer for our multidisciplinary Process Infrastructure and Design team based in Tempe, Arizona; South Jordan, Utah; or Houston, Texas.
NewEngineering Director, Power Generation Kodiak Gas ServicesEngineering Director, Power GenerationThe Woodlands, TXThe Director, Engineering - Power Generation is responsible for providing strategic and technical leadership for the design, performance, reliability, and lifecycle management of the Company's power generation assets and supporting infrastructure. Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Power Engineering, or a related engineering discipline required.
Electrical Superintendent - Traveling Amteck LLCElectrical Superintendent - TravelingHouston, TXAmteck specializes in facility growth expansion initiatives of companies that operate in the manufacturing, industrial, process, food and beverage, hospitality, healthcare, distribution facilities, and commercial and institutional sectors. Amteck is seeking highly skilled and motivated traveling Electrical Field Supervisors to join our team and drive excellence in project delivery.
Civil Designer 1 - Kiewit OGC Engineering Kiewit CorpCivil Designer 1 - Kiewit OGC EngineeringHouston, TXOur rapidly growing OGC district, which includes structural, civil, piping, mechanical, process, process safety, electrical, instrument and control disciplines, is a multi-faceted division of Kiewit with best-in-class technical expertise focused on the EPC delivery model for power facilities. Our combined staff of more than 1,300 engineers and design professionals have expertise that spans all major engineering disciplines to serve transportation, power, water/wastewater, mining, building, and oil, gas & chemical markets.
Senior Project Engineer - BESS ON.energySenior Project Engineer - BESSHouston, TexasRemoteAs AI demand surges past what the grid and traditional data centers can support, ON.energy provides a new class of power technology proven at gigawatt scale and trusted by the world’s leading cloud and AI companies. With real products in the field, we’re scaling faster than the grid can, transforming power from a bottleneck into a competitive advantage for the companies building the future.
Senior Project Engineer ON Energy Storage IncSenior Project EngineerHouston, TXAs AI demand surges past what the grid and traditional data centers can support, ON.energy provides a new class of power technology proven at gigawatt scale and trusted by the world's leading cloud and AI companies. With real products in the field, we're scaling faster than the grid can, transforming power from a bottleneck into a competitive advantage for the companies building the future.
Project Engineer ON Energy Storage IncProject EngineerHouston, TXAbility to read and understand project owner specifications and engineering drawings Ability to manage subcontractors and drive schedule of Engineering activities Ability to manage multiple projects concurrently Ability to problem solve issues and have an "outside the box" mentality Strong attention to detail, with the ability to recognize discrepancies Able to produce clear and concise documentation Strong work ethic Excellent interpersonal skills with the ability to work with clients and staff in a team. Design and develop Single line diagrams, Schematics, Wiring diagrams for Battery storage systems Prepare Electrical Equipment Specifications, Data Sheets, Purchase Requisitions and Bid evaluations for inverters, Switchgear, Transformers and other electrical equipment as required Develop Short circuit, load flow, and arc flash studies using software such as ETAP.
Healthcare Electrical Superintendent Hays Electrical ServicesHealthcare Electrical SuperintendentHouston, TXWe are looking for someone who has successfully led large healthcare electrical projects and understands the unique challenges of working in active hospital environments where patient safety and continuous operation are the highest priorities. Working in operating rooms ORs, Cath Labs, MRI suites, CT rooms, Imaging Departments, Emergency Departments, ICU, NICU, Labor & Delivery, and other specialty healthcare spaces.
Survey or Engineering Rotational Aspire American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)Survey or Engineering Rotational AspireHouston, TexasTo be considered, at a minimum, candidates must have: Bachelor's degree in an engineering (Mechanical, Electrical, Civil, Industrial, Materials Science) or maritime-related (Ocean Engineering, Naval Architecture) field. The combination of cross-functional work assignments and action learning projects help to develop the skills and capabilities needed to build your career path toward leadership.
Field Application Engineer Eaton Corporation PlcField Application EngineerHouston, TXRemote$127,970–$191,000 / yearWhat you'll do: The Field Application Engineer (FAE) creates and manages demand for Bussmann series products by driving and influencing specifications at the end customer, which includes consulting engineers, design-build contractors, electrical inspectors and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Responsibilities include influencing targeted state and local jurisdictions to adopt the latest version of the National Electrical Code (NEC) and working with electrical inspectors to help enforce NEC and Underwriters Laboratories (UL) requirements that help to increase safety and ultimately sales of Bussmann series products.
Inside Sales Engineer - S&S Ambient EnterprisesInside Sales Engineer - S&SKaty, TexasPosition requires a high level of oral and written correspondence with the Sales Team, Customers and Manufacturers to ensure timely completion of assigned projects while maintaining customer satisfaction. Working knowledge of MEP consulting, architecture, design, CAD, general contracting, mechanical contracting, engineering or construction industry a plus.
Embedded Firmware and Software Engineer HPEmbedded Firmware and Software EngineerHouston, TexasResponsibilities • Develops full software stack for ISPs including firmware for peripheral hardwares, data flow frameworks, and more; enables co-work of development and algorithm engineers on the same software code base.• Codes and programs enhancements, updates, and changes for portions and subsystems of firmware, including DSP, embedded code, EFI drivers, EFI applications and BIOS/UEFI.•
NERC P&C Engineer Leeward Renewable Energy LLCNERC P&C EngineerHouston, TXThe primary objectives are to lead, design, schedule, and address critical issues related to the LRE's operating fleet, while ensuring that the company guidelines for improving operations reliability are met. All unsolicited resumes and candidate profiles submitted to LRE, or any LRE employee, without an active agreement or written request from LRE's HR Department, will be considered property of LRE.
Substation Engineer 2 Grid Sargent & Lundy LLCSubstation Engineer 2 GridHouston, TX$69,298–$99,644 / yearIn this role, we expect people to be willing or able to solve problems using modern tools: You are expected to take engineering problems from issue to solution using data and modern tools such as automation and AI to improve workflows, reduce rework, and deliver cost-effective designs. Essential skills and experience: This position requires a Bachelor of Science degree with strong preference in an Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace or Chemical Engineering degree, and/or coursework including Coding, 3D Modeling/Design, and experience using agentic AI.
Senior Substation Engineer 1 Grid Sargent & Lundy LLCSenior Substation Engineer 1 GridHouston, TX$84,762–$129,498 / yearIn this role, we expect people to be willing or able to lead others who use modern tools: You are expected to lead others in taking engineering problems from issue to solution by setting expectations for using data and modern tools such as automation and AI to improve workflows, reduce rework, and deliver cost-effective designs. Leaders in these roles often direct automation and process-improvement work, for example, how teams automate calculations, summarize technical documents, or generate design documentation and guiding when and how AI or agentic AI tools are used while ensuring results are checked.
Senior Substation Engineer 1- Grid Sargent & LundySenior Substation Engineer 1- GridHouston, Texas$84,762–$129,498 / yearFull timeAI & Automation at Sargent & Lundy: In this role, we expect people to be willing or able to lead others who use modern tools: You are expected to lead others in taking engineering problems from issue to solution by setting expectations for using data and modern tools such as automation and AI to improve workflows, reduce rework, and deliver cost-effective designs. Leaders in these roles often direct automation and process-improvement work, for example, how teams automate calculations, summarize technical documents, or generate design documentation and guiding when and how AI or agentic AI tools are used while ensuring results are checked.
Substation Engineer 2 - Grid Sargent & LundySubstation Engineer 2 - GridHouston, Texas$69,298–$99,644 / yearFull timeAI & Automation at Sargent & Lundy: In this role, we expect people to be willing or able to solve problems using modern tools: You are expected to take engineering problems from issue to solution using data and modern tools such as automation and AI to improve workflows, reduce rework, and deliver cost-effective designs. Essential skills and experience: This position requires a Bachelor of Science degree with strong preference in an Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace or Chemical Engineering degree, and/or coursework including Coding, 3D Modeling/Design, and experience using agentic AI.
Engineering Manager Crescent Hotels & Resorts LLCEngineering ManagerHouston, TXPart timeService the hotel's pool, including adjusting chemicals and cleaning filters; completing maintenance request forms and record logs. 1. Interview, hire, train, recommend performance evaluations, resolve problems, provide open communication and recommend discipline and/or termination when appropriate.
New["Electrical Designer / Drafter","Electrical Designer / Drafter"] Thermal Corp., a division of Nailor International["Electrical Designer / Drafter","Electrical Designer / Drafter"]HumbleThis role works closely with electrical engineers, project managers, and other disciplines to develop accurate design packages for construction, manufacturing, or installation. Position Summary: Electrical Designer / Drafter responsible for preparing detailed electrical drawings, layouts, and technical documentation to support engineering projects.
New["Electrical Designer / Drafter","Electrical Designer / Drafter"] Nailor Industries["Electrical Designer / Drafter","Electrical Designer / Drafter"]HoustonThis role works closely with electrical engineers, project managers, and other disciplines to develop accurate design packages for construction, manufacturing, or installation. Electrical Designer / Drafter responsible for preparing detailed electrical drawings, layouts, and technical documentation to support engineering projects.
Senior Substation Physical Engineer Leidos Holdings IncSenior Substation Physical EngineerHouston, TX$87,100–$157,450 / yearUtilities and mobile operators rely on our Power Delivery Services Team for reliable power and telecommunication expertise, as reflected through our work with more than 50 investor-owned utilities, more than 160 municipals/cooperatives, as well as a growing number of mobile operators, local utility providers and private developers. Leidos seeks the best and the brightest, and in return, we invest in you, with an eye on your future, through career advancement, growth opportunities and continuous improvement via mentoring, formal and informal project management training and assistance with obtaining pertinent certifications.
Mechanical Engineer, Autonomous Vehicle Bot AutoMechanical Engineer, Autonomous VehicleHouston, TexasCollaborate with cross-functional teams including electrical engineers, software developers, and systems engineers to integrate mechanical systems into the overall vehicle architecture. At Bot Auto, we build autonomous trucks to transform the way goods are transported and improve the quality of life for communities worldwide.
New["Staff Electrical Engineering Technician - Nuclear Design","Staff Electrical Engineering Technician - Nuclear Design"] Black & Veatch["Staff Electrical Engineering Technician - Nuclear Design","Staff Electrical Engineering Technician - Nuclear Design"]Houston$74,360–$124,190 / yearAs this position supports the global nuclear program at Black & Veatch, any potential offer will be conditional on the individual being able to satisfy all requirements, including citizenship requirements, outlined in the Code of Federal Regulations 10 CFR 810 Work Environment/Physical Demands Hybrid or flexible work options may be offered after the first 90 days of employment based upon manager discretion, job performance and work assignments. The Opportunity This opportunity with Black & Veatch offers the chance to collaborate with multidisciplinary project teams within the Power Providers Market Sector, supporting Nuclear projects and building critical infrastructure for today's and tomorrow's challenges.
FlexSteel - Maintenance-Electrical Tech Cactus Wellhead LLCFlexSteel - Maintenance-Electrical TechBaytown, TXAssist in installing instrument panels, PLCs, counter meters, flow and pressure meters, circuit breakers, switches, solenoids, junction boxes, motors, AC and DC variable speed drives and their control and circuits and connect and test the systems. Summary: This position exists to support product manufacturing activities to maintain and repair electrical and mechanical systems, electrical and electronic components, Trouble shoot and program drives for industrial machinery and equipment.
Data Center Sr Tech - BASBMS Mechanical Electrical Shift Work Cbre ValuationData Center Sr Tech - BASBMS Mechanical Electrical Shift WorkHouston, TXMeet the physical requirements of this role including stooping, standing, walking, climbing stairs/ladders, and the ability to lift/carry heavy loads of 50 lbs. Partager Data Center Sr Tech - BAS/BMS, Mechanical, Electrical (Shift Work) avec un ami par courriel.
NewMOC Field Project Engineer Burrow Global Services, LLCMOC Field Project EngineerPasadena, TXPart timeWe are seeking candidates with a bachelor’s degree in mechanical or Electrical engineering with a minimum of 2 years of experience in project engineering or project management, with at least 1 year of experience working in a refinery environment dealing with and managing MOC requests. Educational Requirement: Bachelor’s degree in mechanical or Electrical engineering with a minimum of 2 years of experience in project engineering or project management, with at least 1 year of experience working in a refinery environment dealing with and managing MOC requests.
Instrumentation & Controls Engineer Hatch LtdInstrumentation & Controls EngineerHouston, TXRoles & Responsibilities: • Preparation and review of all engineering documentation within discipline, including, but not limited to: Instrumentation and Controls Design Criteria Control Philosophy Conceptual design of industrial control systems Control Narratives Instrument index I/O lists Instrumentation calculations Data sheets Specifications Selection and sizing P&ID's System architecture drawings Instrument location drawings Installation detail drawings Wiring and interconnection diagrams ISA loop drawings Motor control schematics. Desirable: • Experience with engineering tools such as SmartPlant Instrumentation (InTools, Intergraph), Plantspace P&ID (Intelligent P&ID's, Bentley, Microstation), 3D modeling (Bentley), and Relational Databases (administration & coordination).
Senior Solutions Engineer - Systems Integration (Bess) AES CorporationSenior Solutions Engineer - Systems Integration (Bess)Houston, TX$113,000–$141,525 / yearSenior Solutions Engineer - Systems Integration serves as a technical owner for how BESS subsystems come together electrically and functionally in the field, ensuring safe, reliable, and performant operation across diverse project environments. Serve as a technical representative supporting the full product lifecycle by participating in permitting and local jurisdiction discussions, managing integration risks, and enabling long‑term operational performance improvements.
Engineering Coordinator PanelmaticEngineering CoordinatorHouston, TXThe key operation of this role requires cross-functional collaboration with engineers, designers, project managers, and clients to ensure the successful delivery of the engineered designs which meet project specifications and industrial requirements. Their responsibilities involve coordinating various aspects of projects, ensuring effective communication among engineering team members, managing, and overseeing the documentation process, document revision, and the Engineering schedule.
Senior Substation Physical Engineer LeidosSenior Substation Physical EngineerHouston, TexasUtilities and mobile operators rely on our Power Delivery Services Team for reliable power and telecommunication expertise, as reflected through our work with more than 50 investor-owned utilities, more than 160 municipals/cooperatives, as well as a growing number of mobile operators, local utility providers and private developers. Leidos seeks the best and the brightest, and in return, we invest in you, with an eye on your future, through career advancement, growth opportunities and continuous improvement via mentoring, formal and informal project management training and assistance with obtaining pertinent certifications.
Electrical Assembler Apache WorkforceElectrical AssemblerHouston, TexasApache Workforce is currently seeking experienced Electrical Assemblers to support manufacturing operations at leading industrial facilities in Houston. If you have experience with electrical panel assembly, wiring, conduit installation, and industrial manufacturing, we want to hear from you.
NewSenior Microgrid Controls Engineer Eaton CorporationSenior Microgrid Controls EngineerHouston, TX$86,000–$126,000 / yearWhat you'll do: As part of our Microgrid Controls Team, you will design, develop, test, implement and commission Microgrid Control solutions consisting of Solar Photovoltaic (PV), Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), Diesel/Natural Gas and Generators for our customers, using Automation Controllers, HMI's, Multi-function Protection Relays, and Data Concentrators from all major OEM's. After making a conditional offer and running a background check, if Eaton is concerned about conviction that is directly related to the job, you will be given the chance to explain the circumstances surrounding the conviction, provide mitigating evidence, or challenge the accuracy of the background report.