However, employees who have access to the compensation information of other employees or applicants as a part of their essential job functions cannot disclose the pay of other employees or applicants to individuals who do not otherwise have access to compensation information, unless the disclosure is (a) in response to a formal complaint or charge, (b) in furtherance of an investigation, proceeding, hearing, or action, including an investigation conducted by the employer, or (c) consistent with the legal duty to furnish information. Solid understanding and ability to apply security concepts across a broad scope of information technology areas including cloud, data communications, network design, operations, database structures, operating systems, application development, security risk assessment, and disaster recovery.