Assistant Director of Social Services Care-OneAssistant Director of Social ServicesMorristown, NJ$53,000–$70,000 / yearSocial Service functions include but are not limited to: supervising social service staff, direct services, advocacy, counseling, service coordination, education, in-servicing, policy and program development and community relations. Provide for therapeutic intervention to help residents cope with the social and psychological aspects of their illnesses, impairments, or disabilities as well as their feelings about institutionalization and separation from family, community, physical and emotional loss.
Licensed Social Worker Assistant Director Care-OneLicensed Social Worker Assistant DirectorBound Brook, NJ$52,000–$72,000 / yearSocial Service functions include but are not limited to: supervising social service staff, direct services, advocacy, counseling, service coordination, education, in-servicing, policy and program development and community relations. Provide for therapeutic intervention to help residents cope with the social and psychological aspects of their illnesses, impairments, or disabilities as well as their feelings about institutionalization and separation from family, community, physical and emotional loss.
Social Worker Mitchell MartinSocial WorkerBronx, NY$70,000–$75,000 / yearBy applying for this job, you agree to receive AI-generated calls, text messages, and/or emails from Mitchell Martin Inc and its affiliates and contracted partners at various frequency through traditional and automated methods. Social Worker (LMSW/LMHC) - Bronx, NY (Onsite) - Full Time - Sun-Thurs or Tues-Sat 08:00am-09:00pm - $70,000-$75,000 Per Year.
Social Worker (LMSW/LMHC) Mitchell MartinSocial Worker (LMSW/LMHC)New York, NY$70,000–$75,000 / yearBy applying for this job, you agree to receive AI-generated calls, text messages, and/or emails from Mitchell Martin Inc and its affiliates and contracted partners at various frequency through traditional and automated methods. Social Worker (LMSW/LMHC) - New York, NY (Onsite) - Full Time - Sun-Thurs or Tues-Sat 08:00am-09:00pm - $70,000-$75,000 Per Year.
Clinical Social Worker - Fee For Service ThriveworksClinical Social Worker - Fee For ServiceParamus, NJWith Job scams becoming more and more frequent, here‘s how to know you‘re speaking with a real member of our team: Our recruiters and other team members will only email you from thriveworks@myworkday.com or an @thriveworks.com email address. Thriveworks is currently seeking Licensed Clinical Social Workers to provide a mix of telehealth and face-to-face sessions in Paramus, NJ.
NewSupervisor, Social Work (Behavioral Health Supervisor, SUD) VNS HealthSupervisor, Social Work (Behavioral Health Supervisor, SUD)Bronx, NY$77,200–$96,500Minimum two years’ experience in an OASAS-certified substance use treatment setting required and Minimum one year experience supervising substance use counselors required Experience providing substance use treatment to adolescents is desired preferred Bilingual in English and Spanish preferred. Conducts home visits, to assist clinical staff on case management activities of complex cases and also visits patients in region/program to assess the quality / outcomes of social work services provided.
NewPsychiatric Social Worker Adult Mobile Crisis Team Queens VNS HealthPsychiatric Social Worker Adult Mobile Crisis Team QueensLong Island City, NY$66,300–$79,800Current registration to practice as a Licensed Master Social Worker in New York State requiredAs determined by operational/regional needs, valid drivers license may be required. We’re one of the largest nonprofit home- and community-based health care organizations in the country, and today, more than 11,500 team members work together to make a difference in the lives of more than 99,000 patients and members on any given day.
NewPsychiatric Social Worker-Children Mobile Crisis Team VNS HealthPsychiatric Social Worker-Children Mobile Crisis TeamBronx, NY$66,300–$79,800Current registration to practice as a Licensed Master Social Worker in New York State requiredAs determined by operational/regional needs, valid drivers license may be required. We’re one of the largest nonprofit home- and community-based health care organizations in the country, and today, more than 11,500 team members work together to make a difference in the lives of more than 99,000 patients and members on any given day.
NewPsychiatric Social Worker-Bronx Children Mobile Crisis Team VNS HealthPsychiatric Social Worker-Bronx Children Mobile Crisis TeamBronx, NY$33.85–$42.33Current registration to practice as a Licensed Master Social Worker in New York State requiredAs determined by operational/regional needs, valid drivers license may be required. We’re one of the largest nonprofit home- and community-based health care organizations in the country, and today, more than 11,500 team members work together to make a difference in the lives of more than 99,000 patients and members on any given day.
NewPsychiatric Social Worker Adult Mobile Crisis Team VNS HealthPsychiatric Social Worker Adult Mobile Crisis TeamLong Island City, NY$33.85–$42.33Current registration to practice as a Licensed Master Social Worker in New York State requiredAs determined by operational/regional needs, valid drivers license may be required. We’re one of the largest nonprofit home- and community-based health care organizations in the country, and today, more than 11,500 team members work together to make a difference in the lives of more than 99,000 patients and members on any given day.
NewPsychiatric Social Worker, LMSW- Children Mobile Crisis Team VNS HealthPsychiatric Social Worker, LMSW- Children Mobile Crisis TeamLong Island City, NY$33.85–$42.33Current registration to practice as a Licensed Master Social Worker in New York State requiredAs determined by operational/regional needs, valid drivers license may be required. We’re one of the largest nonprofit home- and community-based health care organizations in the country, and today, more than 11,500 team members work together to make a difference in the lives of more than 99,000 patients and members on any given day.
NewPer Diem Psychiatric Social Worker - Brooklyn Children's Mobile Crisis VNS HealthPer Diem Psychiatric Social Worker - Brooklyn Children's Mobile CrisisBrooklyn, NY$33.85–$42.33Current registration to practice as a Licensed Master Social Worker in New York State requiredAs determined by operational/regional needs, valid drivers license may be required. We’re one of the largest nonprofit home- and community-based health care organizations in the country, and today, more than 11,500 team members work together to make a difference in the lives of more than 99,000 patients and members on any given day.
NewPsychiatric Social worker (LMSW)- Brooklyn Children Mobile Crisis VNS HealthPsychiatric Social worker (LMSW)- Brooklyn Children Mobile CrisisBrooklyn, NY$33.85–$42.33Current registration to practice as a Licensed Master Social Worker in New York State requiredAs determined by operational/regional needs, valid drivers license may be requiredNational Provider Identifier (NPI) number required or must be obtained upon hire. • Provides referral and provision of information to appropriate long-term mental health services and social services and social services providers, or long-term residential facilities.
NewLicensed Psychiatric Social Worker-Children Mobile Crisis Team VNS HealthLicensed Psychiatric Social Worker-Children Mobile Crisis TeamBronx, NY$66,300–$79,800We’re one of the largest nonprofit home- and community-based health care organizations in the country, and today, more than 11,500 team members work together to make a difference in the lives of more than 99,000 patients and members on any given day. Minimum of one year experience as a Social Worker in a health care setting required as determined by operational needs, bilingual skills may be required Must be able to walk up and down steps to access patient residences.
NewTravel Licensed Master Social Worker - $2,444 per week Soloh PartnersTravel Licensed Master Social Worker - $2,444 per weekBronx, NYSoloh Partners is seeking a Social Work LMSW - Licensed Master Social Worker for a travel job in Bronx, New York. We succeed by creating and maintaining intensely caring and mutually rewarding relationships with our internal employees, candidates and contingent workforce.
Social Worker Care-OneSocial WorkerWhippany, NJ$26–$40 / hourProvide for therapeutic intervention to help residents cope with the social and psychological aspects of their illnesses, impairments, or disabilities as well as their feelings about institutionalization and separation from family, community, physical and emotional loss. Participate in and coordinates per the company's policy interdisciplinary care planning conferences at the time of admission and at the required intervals, thereafter in order to assist develop and revise the overall plan of care for residents.
NewTravel Licensed Master Social Worker - $2,415 per week HonorVet TechnologiesTravel Licensed Master Social Worker - $2,415 per weekBronx, NYAs a Joint Commission-certified clinical staffing agency , we deliver unmatched expertise in placing top-tier healthcare professionals—RNs, LPNs/LVNs, CNAs/CMAs, and NPs—across diverse facilities, including hospitals, clinics, rehabilitation centers, old-age homes, schools, correctional facilities, and more. Active Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW) license issued by the New York State Education Department (NYSED) (Primary Source Verification required).
Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW only) Benchmark Human ServicesLicensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW only)Stamford, CT$65,000–$80,000 / yearOur Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) will conduct evaluations and assessments, participate in Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) development and implementation, monitor outcomes as a member of the team, and provide EI supports to families for the benefit of the child. Children’s Services help babies and toddlers with disabilities or delays learn new skills that typically develop during the first three years of life including physical, cognitive, social/emotional, and communication skills.
Social Worker St. Patrick's Home Rehabilitation and Health CareSocial WorkerThe Bronx, NY$60,000–$70,000Sharing in the Ministry of the Carmelite Sisters for the Aged and Infirm since 1931, the dedicated staff provides Long and Short-term Care to the elderly, meeting the physical, spiritual, and emotional needs of the residents as a part of the St. The St. Patrick's Center is actively seeking an experienced Social Worker for our Skilled Nursing Facility in the heart of New York City.
Social Worker Richmond CenterSocial WorkerStaten Island, NY$65,000–$75,000Richmond Center for Rehabilitation and Healthcare is a 372-bed rehabilitation and skilled nursing facility located in the borough of Staten Island. Our staff is committed to ensuring the highest quality of life for all our residents, by maintaining each resident’s dignity and independence.
Social Worker Amsterdam Nursing HomeSocial WorkerNew York, NY$65,000–$70,000Amsterdam Nursing Home is actively seeking an experienced Social Worker for our Skilled Nursing Facility in the heart of New York City. Our longstanding tradition of caring is carried out by an exceptional staff who are dedicated to the healing arts, providing each resident with the opportunity to thrive and achieve maximum comfort.
Workforce Coordinator Global Kids IncWorkforce CoordinatorNew York, NY$62,400–$65,000 / yearFull timeGlobal Kids (GK) cultivates the next generation of youth leaders through dynamic global citizenship and leadership development programs in New York City and Washington, D.C. Grounded in the belief that meaningful, lasting change begins with young people, Global Kids empowers youth to understand the world beyond their own experiences and to recognize their role in shaping it. The selected candidate will work in collaboration with the New York City Public Schools Office of Community Schools, Department of Youth and Community Development (DYCD), and William Cullen Bryant High School to provide high-quality workforce services to high-school-aged youth.
Licensed Social Worker/Therapist (Inpatient) Signet HealthLicensed Social Worker/Therapist (Inpatient)Valhalla, NY$70,000–$75,000 / yearFrom Level 1, Level 2 and Pediatric Trauma Centers, the region’s only acute care children’s hospital, an academic medical center, several community hospitals, dozens of specialized institutes and centers, skilled nursing, assisted living facilities, homecare services and one of the largest mental health systems in New York State, today WMCHealth is the pre-eminent provider of integrated healthcare in the Hudson Valley. The Behavioral Health Center, located on WMCs Valhalla campus, has been a leading provider of psychiatric services since 1929, offering a full spectrum of inpatient, outpatient, community and emergency care for adults, children, and adolescents.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker HeadwayLicensed Clinical Social WorkerQueens, NYRemoteWhether you want full-time, part-time, or supplemental income , Headway supports secure virtual and in-person care for solo providers and group practices with guaranteed bi-weekly payments. Headway is a free platform for Licensed Social Workers that simplifies taking insurance, leading to higher reimbursement rates and fast credentialing.
Social Media Content Student JouléSocial Media Content StudentNew York, NYCurrently pursuing an undergraduate or graduate degree in marketing, business, communications, or a related field, with at least two years of coursework completed. System One, and its subsidiaries including Joulé and Mountain Ltd., are leaders in delivering outsourced services and workforce solutions across North America.
Travel Licensed Social Worker (LSW) - $2,363 per week in New York City, NY Pride HealthTravel Licensed Social Worker (LSW) - $2,363 per week in New York City, NYNew York City, NY$2,363.09Responsibilities include assessing client needs, developing care plans, connecting individuals to community services, and advocating for their well-being. A Social Worker provides support and resources to individuals and families facing social, emotional, and health-related challenges.
Travel Licensed Social Worker (LSW) - $2,316 per week in New York City, NY Pride HealthTravel Licensed Social Worker (LSW) - $2,316 per week in New York City, NYNew York City, NY$2,316.40Responsibilities include assessing client needs, developing care plans, connecting individuals to community services, and advocating for their well-being. A Social Worker provides support and resources to individuals and families facing social, emotional, and health-related challenges.
NewTravel Licensed Social Worker (LSW) - $2,347 per week in Bronx, NY Pride HealthTravel Licensed Social Worker (LSW) - $2,347 per week in Bronx, NYBronx, NY$2,347.34Responsibilities include assessing client needs, developing care plans, connecting individuals to community services, and advocating for their well-being. A Social Worker provides support and resources to individuals and families facing social, emotional, and health-related challenges.
NewLicensed Clinical Social Worker Needed in New York CHG HealthcareLicensed Clinical Social Worker Needed in New YorkJackson Heights, NYYour specialty-specific CompHealth rep places your best interests at the heart of everything they do and pays careful attention to the things that matter to you, from the big, hard-to-solve problems to the tiniest details. With its strong sense of community and convenient public transportation, Jackson Heights is an ideal location for physicians seeking both professional growth and work-life balance.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker (Virtual) HeadwayLicensed Clinical Social Worker (Virtual)Yonkers, NYRemoteWhether you want full-time, part-time, or supplemental income , Headway supports secure virtual and in-person care for solo providers and group practices with guaranteed bi-weekly payments. Headway is a free platform for Licensed Social Workers that simplifies taking insurance, leading to higher reimbursement rates and fast credentialing.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker - Telehealth HeadwayLicensed Clinical Social Worker - TelehealthYonkers, NYRemoteWhether you want full-time, part-time, or supplemental income , Headway supports secure virtual and in-person care for solo providers and group practices with guaranteed bi-weekly payments. Headway is a free platform for Licensed Social Workers that simplifies taking insurance, leading to higher reimbursement rates and fast credentialing.
Remote Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) Rula HealthRemote Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW)New York, NYRemoteMinimum QualificationsMust be licensed as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT), Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) or Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC)Valid NPIMust be licensed in WashingtonMust be able to provide telehealthWork RemotelyYesWA, US By taking care of all the new client marketing and administrative heavy-lifting, we allow providers at Rula to focus on what they do best; helping clients get better.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) (No Associates) - Remote Rula HealthLicensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) (No Associates) - RemoteNew York, NYRemoteBy taking care of all the new client marketing and administrative heavy-lifting, we allow providers at Rula to focus on what they do best; helping clients get better. Best-fit client referrals: We’ll help you craft a provider profile that highlights your specialities and clinical approach, making it easier for the right clients to find you.
NewLicensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) Rula HealthLicensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW)New York, NYMinimum QualificationsMust be licensed as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT), Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) or Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC)Valid NPIMust be licensed in WashingtonMust be able to provide telehealthWork RemotelyYesWA, US By taking care of all the new client marketing and administrative heavy-lifting, we allow providers at Rula to focus on what they do best; helping clients get better.
NewLicensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) (No Associates) - Remote Rula HealthLicensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) (No Associates) - RemoteNew York, NYRemoteMinimum QualificationsMust be licensed as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT), Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) or Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC)Valid NPIMust be licensed in WashingtonMust be able to provide telehealthWork RemotelyYesWA, US By taking care of all the new client marketing and administrative heavy-lifting, we allow providers at Rula to focus on what they do best; helping clients get better.
NewLicensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) (No Associates) Rula HealthLicensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) (No Associates)Jersey City, NJFrom marketing and insurance to billing and technology, we take care of the administrative work so you can focus fully on helping clients heal and thrive . Both telehealth and in-person sessions are supported (providers arrange their own office space if offering in-person care).
NewHospice LMSW / LCSW - Bronx JobotHospice LMSW / LCSW - BronxThe Bronx, NY$68,000–$80,000 / yearHospice / Palliative Care Social Worker will provide psychosocial support counseling and other social work- related services to Hospice and Palliative Care patients and their families in the community homecare setting and refers to hospice whenever appropriate. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
NewHospice LMSW / LCSW - Manhattan JobotHospice LMSW / LCSW - ManhattanNew York, NY$68,000–$80,000 / yearHospice / Palliative Care Social Worker will provide psychosocial support counseling and other social work- related services to Hospice and Palliative Care patients and their families in the community homecare setting and refers to hospice whenever appropriate. Information collected and processed as part of your Jobot candidate profile, and any job applications, resumes, or other information you choose to submit is subject to Jobot's Privacy Policy, as well as the Jobot California Worker Privacy Notice and Jobot Notice Regarding Automated Employment Decision Tools which are available at jobot.com/legal.
Assistant Site Supervisor - Child Care 066 Catholic Charities, Diocese of MetuchenAssistant Site Supervisor - Child Care 066Hillsborough Township, NJPart timeCatholic Charities, Diocese of Metuchen (CCDOM), with more than 450 employees is a non-profit, social services agency with its mission, driven by Catholic social teaching, of providing quality services with dignity and respect to the poor, vulnerable and all people in need and partnering with families and communities to improve the quality of life. This is a part-time position that works weekday afternoons during our afterschool program hours, making it an excellent opportunity for educators, college students, retirees, and professionals seeking meaningful part-time employment while making a positive impact in the lives of children.
Child Care Worker 096 Catholic Charities, Diocese of MetuchenChild Care Worker 096Hillsborough Township, NJ$16–$17 / hourPart timeCatholic Charities, Diocese of Metuchen (CCDOM), with more than 450 employees is a non-profit, social services agency with its mission, driven by Catholic social teaching, of providing quality services with dignity and respect to the poor, vulnerable and all people in need and partnering with families and communities to improve the quality of life. We’re looking for energetic, caring individuals who are passionate about working with children to join our Before & After School Program (Grades Pre-K-5) in the Hackettstown and Washington Township (Morris County) School Districts for the 2026/2027 School Year and beyond.
NewSupervisor, Behavioral Health, Licensed VNS HealthSupervisor, Behavioral Health, LicensedBronx, NY$70,200–$87,700Valid driver's license requiredLIC - Licensed Clinical Social Worker - New York State required orLIC - Licensed Mental Health Counselor - New York State required orLIC- Licensed Mental Health Professional required orLIC- Licensed Master’s Social Worker (LMSW) in New York State required. Provides linkage, referral and provision of information to appropriate mental health services and social services and social services providers, Coordinates and follows up on linkages made between clients and other service agencies and mental health providers to ensure continuity of care.
NewBilingual Case Manager (Move Coordinator) System OneBilingual Case Manager (Move Coordinator)White Plains, NY$24–$27 / hourBilingual Case Manager (Move Coordinator) Key Responsibilities: Build positive working relationships with families, landlords, property managers, and community partners to support stable housing outcomes (training provided). Experience working with underserved populations, housing programs, Section 8/HCV participants, landlords, or nonprofit/community organizations strongly preferred.
NewBehavioral Health Counselor VNS HealthBehavioral Health CounselorBrooklyn, NY$66,300–$72,000Behavioral Health Counselors provide supportive counseling, advocacy, and education to help patients and their families navigate mental illness, access community resources, and manage symptoms to help them remain safely in the community This is an experienced, master’s level social services role that provides direct care as part of a team. The Intensive Mobile Treatment (IMT) program provides comprehensive, community-based psychiatric care for adults living with serious mental illness who have experienced frequent hospitalizations, housing instability, or involvement with the justice system.
NewLicensed Behavioral Health Clinician VNS HealthLicensed Behavioral Health ClinicianBrooklyn, NY$66,300–$79,800Minimum of two years of mental health work experience providing direct services to clients/members with Serious Mental Illness (SMI), developmental disabilities, substance use disorders and/or chronic medical conditions required Effective oral/written/interpersonal communication skills required Bilingual skills may be required as determined by operational needs. Assists clients/members and/or families in the development of a sustainable network of community-based supports, utilizing identified strengths and tools designed to prevent future participant crises and/or reduce the negative impact if a crisis does occur.
NewFamily Advocate-Children Mobile Crisis Team VNS HealthFamily Advocate-Children Mobile Crisis TeamLong Island City, NY$20.98–$26.23VNS Health Family Advocates embody our core values of Empathy, Integrity, and Agility by helping children and their families access life changing resources whether it’s basic needs of housing and public assistance or community resource programs that support social emotional wellbeing. We’re one of the largest nonprofit home- and community-based health care organizations in the country, and today, more than 11,500 team members work together to make a difference in the lives of more than 99,000 patients and members on any given day.
NewLMSW Program Coordinator for Children Mobile Crisis Team VNS HealthLMSW Program Coordinator for Children Mobile Crisis TeamBronx, NY$70,200–$87,700Minimum three years of experience in a community mental health setting requiredMinimum of one-year of supervisory experience requiredEffective oral, written and interpersonal communication skills requiredProficient with personal computer skills including Microsoft Word and Excel requiredCrisis intervention experience preferredFor Children’s Services: Prior experience in working with children and adolescents required. Valid New York State driver’s license may be based on program needs preferredFor Health Home, CCM and Wellness: Current license and registration to practice as a Social Worker, Psychologist, Marriage and Family Therapist, Mental health Counselor or other related license in New York State preferredFor Children’s Health Home Program: Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths New York (CANS) certification.
Social Worker (LMSW) - Social Services Urban Health Plan IncSocial Worker (LMSW) - Social ServicesBronx, NYPosition Summary: As a member of our Social Services Department, the Social Worker II/III (LMSW), provides patients with supportive counseling, crisis intervention, psychoeducation, advocacy, and connections to support services. About Urban Health Plan: At Urban Health Plan (UHP) our mission is to continuously improve the health of communities and the quality of life of the people we serve by providing affordable, comprehensive, quality, primary and specialty health care and by assuring the performance and advancement of innovative best practices.
Director of Social Services for Workforce Development Center YM&YWHA of Washington Heights & InwoodDirector of Social Services for Workforce Development CenterNew York, New York$75,000–$80,000The Director of Social Services for Workforce Development will assist in conducting the intakes for adult clients interested in securing employment, career-based/sector-based certification, and job placement and will meet with clients to match services with needs, in addition to conducting orientation for new clients. The Director of Social Services for Workforce Development will assist the Managing Director of Workforce Development by effectively assessing the goals and barriers of clients interested in securing entry to mid-level positions, career-based/sector-based certification, and job placement.
NewSocial Worker Assistant 2 (NY HELPS), Kingsboro Psychiatric Center - Residential Treatment Services, P27545 New York State Thruway AuthoritySocial Worker Assistant 2 (NY HELPS), Kingsboro Psychiatric Center - Residential Treatment Services, P27545Brooklyn, NY$63,361–$80,655 / yearIf appointed, you may be required to become an enrolled Medicare provider; obtain and provide to your employer a National Provider Identifier (NPI) number issued by the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES); and otherwise actively participate to the degree necessary to allow for your services to be billed through Medicare and Medicaid. Minimum Qualifications Candidates from outside or within State Service can be considered for hire under the Hiring for Emergency Limited Placement - Statewide (NY HELPS) program if they have a bachelor's degree in a human service field and 2 years of social work experience.
Social Service Assistant-Part Time PACS Group IncSocial Service Assistant-Part TimeNYDevelop and maintain a good working rapport with other departments within the facility, and outside community health, welfare and social agencies, to assure that social service programs can be properly maintained to meet the needs of the residents. Work with emotional problems including assisting resident/family with anxieties and stress caused by illness and admission to the facility, difficulties in coping with residual physical disabilities, fears related to helplessness and death, and the need for institutional and specialized care.