Enterprise data architecture: expert command of conceptual, logical, and physical data modeling (relational, dimensional, data product and domain design, lakehouse and cloud data warehouse patterns, batch and real-time/streaming integration, APIs, and event-driven architecture. Cloud data platforms: deep knowledge of Snowflake and AWS/Azure data and AI services, ELT and transformation tooling (e.g., dbt, orchestration, cataloging, and data observability; ability to evaluate platforms objectively on capability, cost, performance, and scalability.