Environmental Engineer/Scientist Mabbett & Associates, Inc.Environmental Engineer/ScientistHuntsville, AL$100,000–$120,000 / yearFull timeThis full-time position will be required to provide extensive environmental consulting support for Department of Defense (DoD) system testing, and facilities planning, design, construction, operation and sustainment for the firm’s Federal client with global locations. DescriptionMabbett & Associates, Inc. (Mabbett®), an award-winning environmental, health and safety (EH&S) consulting and engineering firm, is seeking an experienced Environmental Engineer/Scientist to join our team in Huntsville, AL.
Associate, Manufacturing Engineering L3Harris TechnologiesAssociate, Manufacturing EngineeringHuntsville, ALAs a new graduate in the Manufacturing Engineering role, you will assist in supporting the production of high-reliability electronic hardware for Tactical Satellite equipment, including SMT(Surface Mount Technology) solder assembly, mechanical integration, and environmental testing. To be eligible, applicants must be pursuing a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering, electrical Engineering, chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering or related field or have completed their bachelor’s degree within the last 12 months, regardless of age.
Lead, Manufacturing Engineer- Composites L3Harris TechnologiesLead, Manufacturing Engineer- CompositesHuntsville, ALWe are seeking a Lead, Composites Manufacturing Engineer, to work at our new state-of-the-art Advanced Manufacturing Facility (AMF) in Huntsville, AL, which will be our inert manufacturing facility for fabrication and assembly of composite rocket motor hardware. With customers’ mission-critical needs always in mind, our employees deliver end-to-end technology solutions connecting the space, air, land, sea and cyber domains in the interest of national security.
NewEngineering Technician Environmental Test Specialist Sanmina-SCI Systems de MéxicoEngineering Technician Environmental Test SpecialistHuntsville, ALThe candidate will perform routine testing of circuits and components, including environmental tests like temperature and vibration. The role involves working unsupervised, documenting results, and communicating effectively with technicians and management.
NewEngineering Technician 1 - 3rd Shift, Environmental Testing AstrionEngineering Technician 1 - 3rd Shift, Environmental TestingHuntsville, ALThis full-time position involves conducting environmental testing and ensuring test equipment maintenance. Candidates must have a High School Diploma or GED and be capable of working in hazardous environments.
Sentinel Systems Engineering Manager 3 - Electromagnetic Environmental Effects E3 8575-1 Northrop Grumman CorpSentinel Systems Engineering Manager 3 - Electromagnetic Environmental Effects E3 8575-1Huntsville, AL$166,700–$276,500 / yearPreferred candidate will be a proven leader; a problem solver; possess a strong work ethic; and have excellent communications and interpersonal skills required to work closely with teammates, stakeholders and both internal and external customers. Northrop Grumman Defense Systems is seeking a Systems Engineering Manager 3 - Electromagnetic Environmental Effects E3 to oversee the Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) team within the SET Specialty Engineering directorate.
Environmental Engineer S&ME, Inc.Environmental EngineerHuntsville, ALField Leadership - Take charge of soil and groundwater sampling, oversee drilling operations, and guide monitoring well installations to ensure accurate, high‑quality data collection. As an Environmental Engineer, you'll be at the forefront of projects that shape safer, cleaner communities, balancing hands‑on fieldwork with impactful office‑based analysis.
NewCivil/Environmental Engineer - Civil Site Development Mississippi PowerCivil/Environmental Engineer - Civil Site DevelopmentBirmingham, ALRequires some travel, approximately 25%.Job SummaryThe position will be responsible for preparing drawings and design documents including site grading plans, stormwater design, erosion control plans, technical specifications, stormwater calculations, project schedule preparation, and construction quantity estimates for various types of site development projects in support of the operating companies within the Southern Company footprint. Experience and solid understanding in stormwater design using AutoCAD SSA (Storm and Sanitary Analysis), Hydraflow Hydrographs, Hydraflow Express, HY-8, or other similar stormwater management software for stormwater systems that may include culverts, pipe systems, and detention pond facilities.
Civil/Environmental Engineer - Civil Site Development Southern CoCivil/Environmental Engineer - Civil Site DevelopmentBirmingham, ALThe position will be responsible for preparing drawings and design documents including site grading plans, stormwater design, erosion control plans, technical specifications, stormwater calculations, project schedule preparation, and construction quantity estimates for various types of site development projects in support of the operating companies within the Southern Company footprint. The company has electric operating companies in three states, natural gas distribution companies in four states, a competitive generation company, a leading distributed energy solutions provider with national capabilities, a fiber optics network and telecommunications services.
NTP- South Environmental Engineer Nucor CorporationNTP- South Environmental EngineerBirmingham, AlabamaAdditional duties include taking a lead role in environmental compliance at multiple facilities, ISO 14001 management, project management, training, maintaining required emergency contingency plans, and community outreach programs. The Environmental Engineer will report to the EHS Supervisor and be a part of multiple teams within Nucor: NTP EHS Team and Nucor Product and Raw Material Environmental group.
Engineer, Environmental Saudi Basic Industries CorpEngineer, EnvironmentalALProvide selective regional support to other sites, including MTV, such as sharing best practices, supporting audits, aligning reporting approaches, assisting during resource constraints, and helping with short-term technical needs while maintaining primary accountability for the assigned site. Provide cross-functional environmental support across water and waste programs, including general working knowledge of NPDES / wastewater permit requirements, RCRA hazardous waste management, waste profiling, manifesting, and related compliance practices.
Civil/Environmental Engineer Accura EngineeringCivil/Environmental EngineerAlabamaJob Title: Civil/Environmental Engineer ***Work Location: Atlanta, GA *** Salary: Based on experience and will be discussed with manager in interview Duties/Responsibilities : Develop stormwater management plans, including analysis and design of stormwater systems (e.g., drainage channels, detention basins, culverts). Provide design calculations and drawings for integration into civil engineering plans to secure product solutions on site plans.
Environmental Engineer I – Water Resources 4P/596 4P ConsultingEnvironmental Engineer I – Water Resources 4P/596Birmingham, AlabamaThis role contributes to the implementation of watershed water control plans including operational forecasting, flood control, and drought management across multiple hydro-generating watersheds. This is an excellent opportunity for an early-career engineer seeking hands-on experience in hydro operations, watershed modeling, and real-time water resource system management.
Environmental Team Member Continental Aerospace TechnologiesEnvironmental Team MemberAlabamaEssential Duties and Responsibilities Operates wastewater treatment, sludge processing, and disposal equipment in wastewater treatment plant to control flow and processing of wastewater: Monitors control panels and adjusts valves and pumps manually or by remote control to regulate flow of wastewater. Collect containers of nonhazardous waste (wastewater, maintenance scrap metal, metal chips, rubbish, construction and demolition, industrial waste) in production areas and dispose of waste in appropriate roll-off and/or compactor.
ENVE1 Environmental Engineer 1 LancesoftENVE1 Environmental Engineer 1Birmingham, AL$32Description This Job requires Reservoir management to be responsible for the implementation of the overall water control plan of these watersheds which includes operational forecasting, flood control, and drought management. Reservoir operations use software systems and data from many sources to implement the water control plan: hydrologic equipment and instrumentation, weather forecasts, and historical operational information.
NewSenior Civil & Environmental Site Development Engineer Mississippi PowerSenior Civil & Environmental Site Development EngineerBirmingham, ALQualified candidates should possess a Bachelor's in Engineering, a minimum of four years of relevant experience, and strong skills in AutoCAD Civil 3D. Mississippi Power Co is hiring a Civil/Environmental Engineer for their Birmingham office.
NewSenior Civil & Environmental Site Development Engineer Southern CompanySenior Civil & Environmental Site Development EngineerBirmingham, ALThe ideal candidate will have a Bachelor's degree in Engineering and experience in stormwater management as well as erosion control. Benefits include competitive pay, medical and dental coverage, pension plans, and tuition reimbursement opportunities.
Facility Environmental Health and Safety Site Manager; Multi-Site HRT SolutionsFacility Environmental Health and Safety Site Manager; Multi-SiteFairfield, AlabamaThe Facility Environmental Health and Safety Site Manager; Multi-Site is a specialized and critical position accountable for contributing to HarbisonWalker International overall business performance by ensuring compliance with occupational safety and health regulations, environmental regulations and corporate policies and programs in HarbisonWalker International’s production facility. Physical and Environmental Requirements Physical Activity: Requires more than 2/3 of time talking or hearing; 1/3 to 2/3 of time standing, walking and / or sitting; and less than 1/3 of time using hands and fingers, reaching, climbing/balancing, stooping/kneeling/crouching/crawling; and/or tasting/smelling.
Environmental Engineer US Tech Solutions, Inc.Environmental EngineerBirmingham, AL$36–$41 / hourReservoir management is responsible for the implementation of the overall water control plan of these watersheds which includes operational forecasting, flood control, and drought management. Reservoir operations uses software systems and data from many sources to implement the water control plan: hydrologic equipment and instrumentation, weather forecasts, and historical operational information.
M&H Valve Environmental Engineer McWane IncM&H Valve Environmental EngineerAnniston, ALWhile performing the duties of this Job, the employee is occasionally exposed to wet and/or humid conditions; moving mechanical parts; high, precarious places; fumes or airborne particles; outside weather conditions and extreme heat. The ideal candidate will utilize their expertise and knowledge in environmental science and engineering to develop solutions, implement programs, and maintain procedures and programs to minimize environmental risks and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.
Environmental Manager Airbus SEEnvironmental ManagerMobile, ALEquipment Operation (personal computer, telephone, copies, fax machine, and related office equipment and using electronic identification card to enter building floors and internal doors): able to operate most office and personal electronic equipment and some tools including production tools such as hydraulic lifts. Meet the Team: Our Engineers at the Airbus U.S. Manufacturing facility take our aircraft from concept to customer delivery - working with production teams on every aspect of assembly from managing technical information, quality control, maintenance tasks and health & safety - along flowlines and flightlines.
Environmental Senior Project Manager Engineering Consulting Services LtdEnvironmental Senior Project ManagerBirmingham, ALECS is currently ranked #60 in Engineering News-Record's Top 500 Design Firms (April 2026), #148 in Engineering News-Record's Top 200 Environmental Firms (October 2025) and #50 in Zweig Group's Hot Firm List (May 2025). (units of measure, chemical compounds, geological details, etc.) Effectively proofreads their own written work and performs "peer reviews" of colleagues' reports focusing on mechanical considerations (grammar, spelling, etc. ) and also on report content and the validity of conclusions.
Environmental Project Manager Engineering Consulting Services LtdEnvironmental Project ManagerBirmingham, ALECS is currently ranked #60 in Engineering News-Record's Top 500 Design Firms (April 2026), #148 in Engineering News-Record's Top 200 Environmental Firms (October 2025) and #50 in Zweig Group's Hot Firm List (May 2025). Bachelor and/or Master of Science in Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, or other Engineering degree applicable to Environmental Consulting, Natural or Environmental Science, Geology, or other degree relevant to the practice of Environmental Consulting.
Environmental Services Manager S&ME, Inc.Environmental Services ManagerHuntsville, ALFull timeYour strong leadership abilities, project management skills, and dedication to maintaining client satisfaction and project excellence will play a critical role in ensuring the successful delivery of environmental services to our clients while contributing to the growth and development of the organization. Coordinates with project managers and leaders/project managers in other services regarding potential opportunities and supports them with resources needed to win and complete projects.
Environmental Specialist 1 4P/281 4P ConsultingEnvironmental Specialist 1 4P/281AlabamaThe ideal candidate will possess strong analytical, technical, and interpersonal skills, along with the physical ability to conduct field inspections in challenging environments. Monitor compliance with environmental regulations including air and water quality, waste management, and hazardous materials handling.
Environmental Specialist 1 4P/374 4P ConsultingEnvironmental Specialist 1 4P/374AlabamaThe successful candidate will collaborate with internal departments and external stakeholders to help maintain compliance with environmental regulations, minimize environmental impacts, and advance sustainable practices. Work independently and collaboratively across multiple projects, providing technical support to project teams.
Environmental Project Manager ECS LtdEnvironmental Project ManagerBirmingham, AlabamaECS is currently ranked #60 in Engineering News-Record’s Top 500 Design Firms (April 2026), #148 in Engineering News-Record’s Top 200 Environmental Firms (October 2025) and #50 in Zweig Group’s Hot Firm List (May 2025). Bachelor and/or Master of Science in Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, or other Engineering degree applicable to Environmental Consulting, Natural or Environmental Science, Geology, or other degree relevant to the practice of Environmental Consulting.
Environmental Senior Project Manager ECS LtdEnvironmental Senior Project ManagerBirmingham, AlabamaECS is currently ranked #60 in Engineering News-Record’s Top 500 Design Firms (April 2026), #148 in Engineering News-Record’s Top 200 Environmental Firms (October 2025) and #50 in Zweig Group’s Hot Firm List (May 2025). (units of measure, chemical compounds, geological details, etc.) Effectively proofreads their own written work and performs "peer reviews" of colleagues' reports focusing on mechanical considerations (grammar, spelling, etc. ) and also on report content and the validity of conclusions.
Environmental Policy and Strategy Lead (SECRET CLEARANCE) ICFEnvironmental Policy and Strategy Lead (SECRET CLEARANCE)Huntsville, AlabamaThe team provides comprehensive environmental management support to the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) including regulatory environmental compliance, environmental impact analysis, planning, policy and strategy development, sustainability, conservation, and related technical assistance including support to all agency missions, weapons systems acquisition, development, testing, deployment, and fielding at geographically dispersed locations worldwide. Pay Range - There are multiple factors that are considered in determining final pay for a position, including, but not limited to, relevant work experience, skills, certifications and competencies that align to the specified role, geographic location, education and certifications as well as contract provisions regarding labor categories that are specific to the position.
Project Manager & Seller/Doer-Natural Resources and Environmental Permitting WSP Global IncProject Manager & Seller/Doer-Natural Resources and Environmental PermittingBirmingham, ALWe are seeking an experienced and motivated Project Manager & Seller/Doer-Natural Resources and Environmental Permitting for our Brentwood, TN, Canton, MS, or Birmingham, AL offices to lead growth for our natural resources and environmental permitting practice area. The successful candidate will be tasked with managing each phase of natural resources assessment and permitting, while actively engaging clients and developing new business opportunities.
Environmental Specialist 2 4P/161 4P ConsultingEnvironmental Specialist 2 4P/161Birmingham, AlabamaThis role ensures regulatory compliance, risk mitigation, and environmental leadership by working closely with internal and external stakeholders . The ideal candidate has strong knowledge of environmental regulations, project management expertise, and the ability to drive compliance initiatives .
Environmental Specialist 2 4P/437 4P ConsultingEnvironmental Specialist 2 4P/437Birmingham, AlabamaThe ideal candidate will have a strong understanding of environmental regulations, compliance programs, and risk management , along with the ability to lead environmental initiatives and ensure operational excellence . Maintain up-to-date knowledge of environmental laws and regulations (e.g., RCRA, CERCLA, Hazardous Waste, Solid Waste, PCBs ) and proactively implement required changes.
Environmental Manager Refinery OneSource Professional SearchEnvironmental Manager RefineryWestern Alabama, ALWe're supporting a well-established, privately held company with diversified operations across refining, oil & gas, power, renewables, and infrastructure in a search for an experienced Environmental Compliance Manager to lead environmental programs at its refinery operations. This is a high-impact leadership role responsible for ensuring regulatory compliance, driving environmental performance improvements, and partnering with operations, maintenance, engineering, and corporate leadership to support safe and sustainable operations.
Environmental Services Market Sector Leader WaggonerEnvironmental Services Market Sector LeaderBirmingham, ALABAMARemotePrimary services: Environmental planning and permitting; NEPA/environmental documentation and agency coordination; environmental compliance and EHS support; site assessment and due diligence; contaminated site investigation and remediation; brownfields/restoration/redevelopment support; PFAS and other emerging-contaminant services; air quality and waste/resource management; natural and cultural resources support; sustainability, resilience, and climate-related environmental advisory services. The Environmental Services Market Sector Leader is a senior strategic-operations leader responsible for growing the firm in the environmental services market sector across all business units - growing talent, building high-performing teams, expanding the client base, and increasing profitable revenue and backlog in the water market.
NewTyler Union - Environmental Specialist McWane IncTyler Union - Environmental SpecialistAnniston, ALWhile performing the duties of this job, the employee is occasionally exposed to wet and/or humid conditions; moving mechanical parts; high, precarious places; fumes or airborne particles; outside weather conditions and extreme heat. The ideal candidate will utilize their expertise and knowledge in environmental science and engineering to develop solutions, implement programs, and maintain procedures and programs to minimize environmental risks and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.
Environmental Manager - Kiewit Bridge & Marine (Mobile, AL) Kiewit CorpEnvironmental Manager - Kiewit Bridge & Marine (Mobile, AL)Birmingham, ALExperience managing complex environmental requirements for infrastructure construction is required, including in-water and above-water construction, storm water management, and waste management. Oversee permit applications and application renewal in compliance with environmental regulations; assist supervisors, managers, and others in obtaining and maintaining environmental permits.
Senior Environmental Compliance Specialist Alliance Technical GroupSenior Environmental Compliance SpecialistMontgomery, AL$90,000–$115,000 / yearPart timeThe Senior Environmental Compliance Specialist is responsible for full lifecycle project management—from scoping and proposal development through execution and closeout—with a strong emphasis on leadership, client engagement, budget and schedule accountability, and delivery of high-quality results. The position plays a key role in managing a diverse portfolio of projects across air, water, and waste programs, while actively strengthening client relationships and contributing to the strategic growth of service offerings.
Senior Environmental Compliance Specialist AllianceSenior Environmental Compliance SpecialistMontgomery, AlabamaThe Senior Environmental Compliance Specialist is responsible for full lifecycle project management—from scoping and proposal development through execution and closeout—with a strong emphasis on leadership, client engagement, budget and schedule accountability, and delivery of high-quality results. The position plays a key role in managing a diverse portfolio of projects across air, water, and waste programs, while actively strengthening client relationships and contributing to the strategic growth of service offerings.
Environmental Specialist (SECRET CLEARANCE) ICF International IncEnvironmental Specialist (SECRET CLEARANCE)Huntsville, AL$73,738–$125,354 / yearThe team provides comprehensive environmental management support to the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) including air permitting, regulatory environmental compliance, environmental impact analysis, planning, policy and strategy development, sustainability, conservation, and related technical assistance including support to all agency missions, weapons systems acquisition, development, testing, deployment, and fielding at geographically dispersed locations worldwide. Pay Range - There are multiple factors that are considered in determining final pay for a position, including, but not limited to, relevant work experience, skills, certifications and competencies that align to the specified role, geographic location, education and certifications as well as contract provisions regarding labor categories that are specific to the position.
Environmental Safety and Health Engineer Lockheed Martin CorpEnvironmental Safety and Health EngineerTroy, ALCandidate must be able to pass a Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives ("ATF") background check to obtain approval to be an "employee possessor" (of explosives or other ATF-regulated items) as defined by ATF regulations. As a Safety Compliance Engineer, you will analyze accident and injury data to develop mitigation strategies, ensuring adherence to safety regulations and safeguarding employees from potential hazards.
Claim Counsel - Environmental / Professional Liability Davies Group LtdClaim Counsel - Environmental / Professional LiabilityAL$110,000–$135,000 / yearThis role serves as a key subject matter expert for coverage issues, advising internal teams and carriers on complex liability matters and ensuring claims are handled in accordance with applicable laws, environmental regulations, and company guidelines. Davies North America is looking for a candidate that will be responsible for managing and resolving high-severity, complex insurance claims with a strong emphasis on coverage analysis, policy interpretation, and strategic claim resolution.
Environmental Driller Assistant - CDL Driver S&ME IncEnvironmental Driller Assistant - CDL DriverPell City, ALAs an Environmental Driller Assistant - CDL Driver, you will support field operations on environmental and geotechnical drilling projects throughout Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi. Key Competencies: Effective communication skills, speaking, reading, and writing using the English language; Familiar with the safe operation of a Bobcat Skid Steer Loader (a plus).
Environmental Specialist (SECRET CLEARANCE) ICFEnvironmental Specialist (SECRET CLEARANCE)Huntsville, AlabamaThe team provides comprehensive environmental management support to the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) including air permitting, regulatory environmental compliance, environmental impact analysis, planning, policy and strategy development, sustainability, conservation, and related technical assistance including support to all agency missions, weapons systems acquisition, development, testing, deployment, and fielding at geographically dispersed locations worldwide. Pay Range - There are multiple factors that are considered in determining final pay for a position, including, but not limited to, relevant work experience, skills, certifications and competencies that align to the specified role, geographic location, education and certifications as well as contract provisions regarding labor categories that are specific to the position.
Environmental Scientist Stantec IncEnvironmental ScientistMobile, ALSupport projects and key client relationships-from residential and commercial permitting, mitigation/conservation banking, habitat restoration, water resources, transportation, and energy related projects (natural gas pipelines, Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) facilities, and solar facilities). Assists in client relations, business developments and project pursuits, including assisting in the preparation of Statements of Qualifications, meeting with existing and potential clients, representing Stantec at conferences, workshops, etc., and similar activities.
SafeState Environmental Health and Safety Consultant I - 529456 University of AlabamaSafeState Environmental Health and Safety Consultant I - 529456Tuscaloosa, ALRequired Minimum Qualifications: High school diploma or GED and six (6) years of occupational safety experience; OR associate's degree and four (4) years of occupational safety experience; OR bachelor's degree in engineering, safety science, business, management, public health, or physical sciences and two (2) years of occupational safety experience; OR master's degree or higher in engineering, safety science, industrial management, public health, or physical sciences and some occupational safety experience. Additional Department Summary: Works primarily in the SafeState OSHA Consultation area to provide independent, routine onsite consultation services with industrial hygiene-focused emphasis to businesses and industries throughout the state of Alabama.
Environmental Policy and Strategy Lead (SECRET CLEARANCE) ICF International IncEnvironmental Policy and Strategy Lead (SECRET CLEARANCE)Huntsville, AL$89,222–$151,678 / yearThe team provides comprehensive environmental management support to the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) including regulatory environmental compliance, environmental impact analysis, planning, policy and strategy development, sustainability, conservation, and related technical assistance including support to all agency missions, weapons systems acquisition, development, testing, deployment, and fielding at geographically dispersed locations worldwide. Pay Range - There are multiple factors that are considered in determining final pay for a position, including, but not limited to, relevant work experience, skills, certifications and competencies that align to the specified role, geographic location, education and certifications as well as contract provisions regarding labor categories that are specific to the position.
Environmental Specialist System OneEnvironmental SpecialistCalera, AlabamaSystem One, and its subsidiaries including Joulé and Mountain Ltd., are leaders in delivering outsourced services and workforce solutions across North America. Basic knowledge of environmental regulations, project management skills, and the capacity to collaborate on environmental matters within the organization are necessary.
Environmental Manager Hunt Consolidated IncEnvironmental ManagerTuscaloosa, ALOversee the preparation, review, and submission of all required environmental reports, including emissions inventories, discharge monitoring reports (DMRs), Toxic Release Inventory (TRI/Form R), annual hazardous waste reports, and Benzene Waste Operations NESHAP (BWON) compliance documentation. Maintain compliance with all environmental permits, including Title V/Clean Air Act air permits, NPDES stormwater and wastewater permits, RCRA hazardous waste authorizations, and SPCC plans.
Process Engineering Assistant Georgia-PacificProcess Engineering AssistantPennington, ALFull timeNaheola Mill located in Pennington, Alabama, is a manufacturing site for the company's well-known consumer products business, producing a wide range of products for the consumer business, including Angel Soft® bath tissue and Sparkle® paper towels, as well as bleached paperboard used in Dixie® paper cups and plates. As a Koch company and a leading manufacturer of bath tissue, paper towels, paper-based packaging, cellulose, specialty fibers, building products and much more, Georgia-Pacific works to meet evolving needs of customers worldwide with quality products.
Environmental Scientist - Air Testing Specialist Weston Solutions IncEnvironmental Scientist - Air Testing SpecialistAuburn, AL$41,401–$54,261 / yearWeston's IAS team conducts testing projects to assist clients in emissions testing and demonstrating emissions compliance with industry-specific regulations set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 40 - Protection of Environment. We fully invest in our people: Weston provides a generous, comprehensive benefits package program that offers employees high value options with solid financial protection, meeting the personal needs of its people and their families.