2026-2027 Substitute Teacher East Baton Rouge Parish School System2026-2027 Substitute TeacherBaton Rouge, LAEssential Functions/Qualifications/Requirements: Education and Experience: To qualify as a non-degreed substitute teacher, the applicant must have an Associate's Degree or High School Diploma, have taken and passed the HiSet, TABE, or ParaPro exam. Breach of said professional conduct includes, but is not limited to, neglect of duty, dishonesty, engagement in acts that are contrary to East Baton Rouge Parish School System policy, unlawful activities, or any other conduct which is seriously prejudicial to the school system.
2026-2027 Substitute Teachers ZACHARY COMMUNITY SCHOOL BOARD2026-2027 Substitute TeachersZachary, LAThese may include: • A bachelors degree in education or a related field • A teaching certification or license • A background check and other screening processes • Completion of any necessary training or orientation programs. Substitute teachers can be an excellent way for individuals to gain teaching experience, build their skills, and explore different educational settings.
MS Daily Substitute Teacher Charter Schools USAMS Daily Substitute TeacherLAAs a pioneer in the Charter school movement, CSUSA is one of the fastest-growing education management organizations in the United States, providing a wide variety of educational choices to over 82,000 students in more than 150 schools across Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Louisiana. Overview: Charter Schools USA (CSUSA) is one of the largest and highest performing education management companies in the United States, proudly serving over 82,000 students in over 150 schools in four states.
2026-2027 MS Daily Substitute Teacher Charter Schools USA2026-2027 MS Daily Substitute TeacherLAAs a pioneer in the Charter school movement, CSUSA is one of the fastest-growing education management organizations in the United States, providing a wide variety of educational choices to over 82,000 students in more than 150 schools across Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Louisiana. Overview: Charter Schools USA (CSUSA) is one of the largest and highest performing education management companies in the United States, proudly serving over 82,000 students in over 150 schools in four states.
HS Daily Substitute Teacher Charter Schools USAHS Daily Substitute TeacherLake Charles, LAhttps://www.charterschoolsusa.com/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=394111&type=d keywords: job purpose,management,community,procedure,performance,initiative,skills,qualifications,work environment,physical demands,flsa overtime category Part-Time Lake Charles Charter Academy Overview: Charter Schools USA (CSUSA) is one of the largest and highest performing education management companies in the United States, proudly serving over 82,000 students in over 150 schools in four states. LA-Lake Charles-Lake Charles Charter Academy Charter Schools USA (CSUSA) As a pioneer in the Charter school movement, CSUSA is one of the fastest-growing education management organizations in the United States, providing a wide variety of educational choices to over 82,000 students in more than 150 schools across Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Louisiana.
Substitute Teacher (Part-time) - AMIkids Caddo AMIkids CareersSubstitute Teacher (Part-time) - AMIkids CaddoShreveport, LouisianaResponsible for teaching middle- and senior-high school classes, assists in the testing program, maintains related administrative systems and supervises institute student activities as required. (College degree preferred), One to two years related experience, State Teacher Certification preferred, School district’s Substitute Teacher Certification or Approval is required.
Substitute Teacher Plaquemines Parish School BoardSubstitute TeacherLAAdditional physical requirements include ability to sit for prolonged periods; ability to perform repetitive hand and arm movements; ability to climb up stairs and/or steps; ability to drive within or outside of the district to various schools, meetings and events; ability to work in varying conditions, such as inclement weather, wet or slippery floors and/or exposure to cleaning chemicals; ability to handle changes in temperature and noise levels; ability to manage high levels of physical and mental energy throughout the workday; emotional and physical resilience to handle stressful situations, emergencies or high-demand environments; adequate strength to assist students with mobility needs, including lifting or carrying medical supplies; and ability to respond quickly to emergencies, providing first aid or support to students as needed. Job Goal: To ensure uninterrupted, high-quality instruction whenever the regular classroom teacher is absent by faithfully delivering the prepared lesson plans, maintaining an orderly and supportive learning environment, and upholding all district policies, thereby safeguarding students' academic progress and well-being.
St. Lucy Daycare Substitute Teacher ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH DIOCESE OF HOUMA THIBODAUXSt. Lucy Daycare Substitute TeacherHouma, LAPOSITION SUMMARY: St. Lucy Child Development Center Substitute Teachers are responsible for preparing, organizing and teaching required lesson plans and daily schedules. Physical Demands/Working Conditions: While performing the duties of this job, the employee must be physically capable to respond to the children’s needs, emergencies, and conflicts that may occur within a child care center environment in a timely manner.
Guest Teacher (Substitute Teacher) Louisiana Key AcademyGuest Teacher (Substitute Teacher)LAGuest Teachers ensure a safe, structured, and productive learning environment while implementing lesson plans and upholding Louisiana Key Academy's expectations for student behavior, engagement, and academic focus. We operate in a structured, high-accountability environment where teachers receive ongoing coaching, training, and support to help them succeed and make a meaningful difference for students.
Substitute Teacher and Paraprofessional St. Mary Parish School BoardSubstitute Teacher and ParaprofessionalLASubstitutes and paraprofessionals assist in maintaining a positive learning environment, supervising students, and supporting instructional activities as directed by school administration and classroom teachers. Minimum Qualifications: • High School Diploma or GED • Ability to obtain and maintain any required district or state clearances • Strong communication, organization, technology, and classroom management skills.
Substitute Teacher '26-'27 School Year Sabine Parish School DistrictSubstitute Teacher '26-'27 School YearLAWe are currently accepting applications for Substitute Teachers for the 2020-2021 school year. In order for a Substitute Teacher to be processed during the school year, the HR Dept.
Substitute Teacher and Support Staff MOREHOUSE PARISH SCHOOL BOARDSubstitute Teacher and Support StaffBastrop, LA$8.60–$9.20 / hourSupport Staff Substitute Pay: Paraprofessionals / Aides / Tutors: $54.37/day. Substitute Teachers: High school diploma or GED required.
Substitute Teacher International Schools Partnership LtdSubstitute TeacherLAJOB SUMMARY: The job of substitute teacher at Kehoe-France Northshore is to take over for full-time teachers or assistants in their absence, carrying out their lesson plans and ensuring students have a fulfilling classroom experience. ISP is committed to strengthening our inclusive culture by identifying, hiring, developing, and retaining high-performing teammates regardless of gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender expression, age, disability status, neurodivergence, socio-economic background or other demographic characteristics.
Substitute Teacher (Part-time) - AMIkids Caddo AMIKIDS, INC.Substitute Teacher (Part-time) - AMIkids CaddoShreveport, LAPosition Summary Responsible for teaching middle- and senior-high school classes, assists in the testing program, maintains related administrative systems and supervises institute student activities as required. In addition, as a staff member, the education instructors primary concerns include the safety, supervision, advising, counseling and role modeling for our students.
Substitute Teacher (Part-time) - AMIkids Caddo AMIKids Caddo, Inc.Substitute Teacher (Part-time) - AMIkids CaddoShreveport, LAPart timeResponsible for teaching middle- and senior-high school classes, assists in the testing program, maintains related administrative systems and supervises institute student activities as required. (College degree preferred), One to two years related experience, State Teacher Certification preferred, School district’s Substitute Teacher Certification or Approval is required.
Substitute Teacher 2026-2027 Saint Landry Parish School BoardSubstitute Teacher 2026-2027Opelousas, LAProvides students with clear criteria for learning and teaches the skills necessary for students to check their skills and assume responsibility for their learning. Uses high-quality questions to encourage students to make connections amongst concepts or events previously believed to be unrelated and arrive at new understandings of complex material.
Substitute Teacher Innovative Network of KnowledgeSubstitute TeacherMonroe, Louisiana3. Identifies, reports, provides supportive services in child abuse/neglect cases, notifying the Family Services Center Manager or Center Director. Assist with daily activities including staff/child ratio, discipline and safety of all Head Start or Early Head Start children.
Substitute Teacher Lycee Francais De La Nouvelle-OrleansSubstitute TeacherNew Orleans, LALFNO staff represent a wide diversity of racial, cultural, socio-economic, gender, religious, and national identities--opening a window to the entire LFNO community on the richness of humanity. Lycée is committed to building a diverse and inclusive community, both through our hiring practices and our focus on creating a culture and environment where diverse perspectives, ideas, and identities are valued and integrated into our daily practices.
Substitute Voice Teacher - The Music Box - Lafayette, LA Ensemble Performing ArtsSubstitute Voice Teacher - The Music Box - Lafayette, LALafayette, LA$20–$26Successful candidates will have a strong music background evidenced by a degree in music performance, music education, pedagogy, or equivalent performing experience, a demonstrated love of teaching, experience working with young musicians, a robust appreciation for punctuality, reliable transportation, and the ability to pass a routine background check. Teachers can set their availability within our open hours as needed, but both students and school staff appreciate consistency and preference will be given to candidates with greater availability.
Substitute Piano Teacher - The Music Box - Lafayette, LA Ensemble Performing ArtsSubstitute Piano Teacher - The Music Box - Lafayette, LALafayette, LA$20–$26Successful candidates will have a strong music background evidenced by a degree in music performance, music education, pedagogy, or equivalent performing experience, a demonstrated love of teaching, experience working with young musicians, a robust appreciation for punctuality, reliable transportation, and the ability to pass a routine background check. Teachers can set their availability within our open hours as needed, but both students and school staff appreciate consistency and preference will be given to candidates with greater availability.
Substitute Teacher/Para POOL Calcasieu Parish Public SchoolsSubstitute Teacher/Para POOLLake Charles, LATo be considered for employment as a substitute teacher/paraprofessional, you must complete the following steps: Complete the online application for the Substitute Teacher/Para POOL job posting. Once steps 1-3 are complete, submit the following documents in person to the Personnel Department at 3310 Broad Street.
2026-2027 - Lower School - 4th Grade Long Term Substitute Isidore Newman School2026-2027 - Lower School - 4th Grade Long Term SubstituteNew Orleans, LAThe successful applicant will possess excellent speaking, writing, and interpersonal skills; demonstrate strong instructional and classroom management skills; be technologically savvy and computer literate; have an abiding interest in helping students to experience academic and social growth; be successful in working with teams; be willing to contribute to school activities outside of the assigned classroom; possess a strong understanding of the developmental level of the students they teach; and genuinely love to work with children and educators at the elementary level. Isidore Newman School seeks a talented and dynamic Lower School 4th Grade Substitute Teacher to serve during a maternity leave period (August-November) during the 2026-2027 academic year.
MS Full Time Substitute | 2025-26 School Year FirstLine SchoolsMS Full Time Substitute | 2025-26 School YearNew Orleans, LouisianaAt FirstLine Schools, we know that it is the effectiveness of our teachers that matters the most when it comes to impacting the success of our students. professional development on our Vision of Excellence in Teaching rubric the components of which include:On Task (Maintaining high expectations and maximizing instructional time).
Elementary Daily Substitute Charter Schools USAElementary Daily SubstituteMaurice, LAhttps://www.charterschoolsusa.com/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=394111&type=d\n \nkeywords: job purpose,review,consulting,student management,community,education,skills,initiative,physical demands,work environment,flsa overtime category\n \nPart-Time\n \nVermilion Charter Academy\n \nOverview:\n \nCharter Schools USA (CSUSA) is one of the largest and highest performing education management companies in the United States, proudly serving over 82,000 students in over 150 schools in four states. Label with id: 1478\n \nRequirements:\n\n Demonstrates enthusiasm and commitment toward the job and the mission of the company; supports the company's values in the strategic areas of academic excellence, operational performance, superior culture, and financial health and growth, as outlined in the Employee Handbook.\n Works and interacts with staff and relates to individuals at all levels of the organization; relates to individuals at all As unique situations present themselves, the incumbent must be sensitive to corporate needs, employee goodwill, and the public image.\n
Middle-HS Permanent Substitute Charter Schools USAMiddle-HS Permanent SubstitutePlaquemine, LAAs a pioneer in the Charter school movement, CSUSA is one of the fastest-growing education management organizations in the United States, providing a wide variety of educational choices to over 82,000 students in more than 150 schools across Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Louisiana. Charter Schools USA (CSUSA) is one of the largest and highest performing education management companies in the United States, proudly serving over 82,000 students in over 150 schools in four states.
WAE - Substitute Louisiana State UniversityWAE - SubstituteBaton Rouge, LAPositions approved to work outside the State of Louisiana shall be employed through Louisiana State University's partner, nextSource Workforce Solutions, for Employer of Record Services including but not limited to employment, benefits, payroll, and tax compliance. Benefits - LSU offers outstanding benefits to eligible employees and their dependents including health, life, dental, and vision insurance; flexible spending accounts; retirement options; various leave options; paid holidays; wellness benefits; tuition exemption for qualified positions; training and development opportunities; employee discounts; and more!
Long Term Substitute - High School Math Lycee Francais De La Nouvelle-OrleansLong Term Substitute - High School MathNew Orleans, LAMeets at least one Louisiana-approved credentialing pathway for service in a nonpublic school setting: holds a valid Louisiana teaching certificate appropriate to the assignment; or meets Louisiana nonpublic school instructional staff requirements for the assignment, including a bachelor's degree, a major or equivalent coursework in the teaching area, and required professional education coursework or documented progress toward that coursework; or is eligible to obtain the Louisiana authorization or temporary credential required for the assignment, including a teaching authorization and, if needed, an appropriate math credential. Apply Job Type Temporary Description Position Summary The Long-Term Substitute Teacher for High School Mathematics provides immediate instructional coverage for assigned high school math courses and ensures continuity of learning during a teacher absence.
WAE-Substitute Nurse Louisiana State UniversityWAE-Substitute NurseLAParticipates in developing Health service Plans; Interprets the health and developmental assessment to parents, teachers, administrators, and other professionals directly concerned with the pupil; Refers the pupil and his or her parent or guardian to appropriate community resources for necessary services agencies to promote needed treatment and secure reports of findings pertinent to educational planning; 25% Maintains a comprehensive health history and health appraisal record system; Checks immunization status of each pupil and refers when insufficient; Maintains communication with parents and all involved community practitioners and agencies to promote needed treatment and secure reports of findings pertinent to educational planning; Observes professional lines of communication at all times with individuals inside and outside the school; Works cooperatively in sharing knowledge, expertise, and skills with others; Assists in the control of communicable diseases through early detection, exclusion and reporting; Continues education by attending workshops, in-service programs, etc. 25% Conducts sensory screenings on students in the process of evaluation; Prepares a daily itinerary and weekly proposal of activities; Monitors and/or supervises administration of medications to students as prescribed by physician; Provides and/or monitors nursing treatment and specialized health procedures to allow students to remain at school; Follows the time and/or duty schedule authorized by the school principal for the school day and extracurricular activities; Attends school regularly and arrives punctually.
Substitute Assistant Principal- South Fork Junior High Livingston Parish School DistrictSubstitute Assistant Principal- South Fork Junior HighLACriteria: Must have on or before the advertised deadline, a valid Louisiana Teaching certificate with one or more of the following credentials: Valid Louisiana Teaching Certificate with certification as a principal or Educational Leader 1; OR. Five (5) years' successful experience as a classroom teacher accompanied with a Master's Degree or higher preferred.
NewSubstitute Paraprofessional Application Caddo Parish School DistrictSubstitute Paraprofessional ApplicationShreveport, LAPositions can include: clerks, secretaries, custodians, teacher aides, cafeteria staff, bus drivers, maintenance staff, substitutes, technology staff, etc. Caddo schools have a reputation for excellence that is produced by teachers and support personel who have been selected using the highest employment.
Summer Camp Substitute International Schools Partnership LtdSummer Camp SubstituteLAISP is committed to strengthening our inclusive culture by identifying, hiring, developing, and retaining high-performing teammates regardless of gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender expression, age, disability status, neurodivergence, socio-economic background or other demographic characteristics. All post holders are subject to appropriate vetting procedures, including an online due diligence search, references and satisfactory Criminal Background Checks or equivalent covering the previous 10 years' employment history.
Substitute International Schools Partnership LtdSubstituteMetairie, LAISP is committed to strengthening our inclusive culture by identifying, hiring, developing, and retaining high-performing teammates regardless of gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender expression, age, disability status, neurodivergence, socio-economic background or other demographic characteristics. All post holders are subject to appropriate vetting procedures, including an online due diligence search, references and satisfactory Criminal Background Checks or equivalent covering the previous 10 years' employment history.
Substitute Kehoe-FranceSubstituteMetairie, LouisianaISP is committed to strengthening our inclusive culture by identifying, hiring, developing, and retaining high-performing teammates regardless of gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender expression, age, disability status, neurodivergence, socio-economic background or other demographic characteristics. All post holders are subject to appropriate vetting procedures, including an online due diligence search, references and satisfactory Criminal Background Checks or equivalent covering the previous 10 years’ employment history.
NewMiddle School ESL Paraprofessional Teacher East Baton Rouge Parish School SystemMiddle School ESL Paraprofessional TeacherBaton Rouge, LACompleted two (2) years of study at an institution of higher education (48 college credit hours with required courses); or received an Associate's degree (or higher) from an accredited institution of higher learning; or a minimum score of 450 on the ETS Parapro Exam. Breach of said professional conduct includes, but is not limited to, neglect of duty, dishonesty, engagement in acts that are contrary to East Baton Rouge Parish School System policy, unlawful activities, or any other conduct which is seriously prejudicial to the school system.
SUB Math Teacher (6 Weeks) - DSJH Livingston Parish School DistrictSUB Math Teacher (6 Weeks) - DSJHDenham Springs, LAid='p1872_'>SUB Math Teacher (6 Weeks) - DSJH JobID: 1872. DSJH needs a substitute teacher for an estimate of 6 weeks.
SUB ELA Teacher (6 Weeks) - DSJH Livingston Parish School DistrictSUB ELA Teacher (6 Weeks) - DSJHDenham Springs, LAid='p1873_'>SUB ELA Teacher (6 Weeks) - DSJH JobID: 1873. DSJH needs a substitute teacher for an estimate of 6 weeks.
Assistant Teacher The Emerge CenterAssistant TeacherBaton Rouge, LA$32,000–$37,000 / yearContractorTo excel in the Assistant Teacher role at The Emerge School for Autism in Baton Rouge, candidates must possess an associate's degree and experience in the classroom (years of experience can substitute college 2-1); teaching experience, particularly with children with Autism, ABA experience is preferred but not required. Strong communication and organizational abilities are essential for preparing progress reports and working closely with teachers to establish academic and social development plans for each student.
Early Head Start Teacher Innovative Network of KnowledgeEarly Head Start TeacherMonroe, LouisianaPlan and implement the developmentally and linguistically appropriate curriculum (Frog Street Infants & Toddlers) and experiences in the manner appropriate to the ages, languages and cultures of children served. Ability to work occasional evening or weekend, as required for events, such as home visits, parent- teacher conferences, parent committee meetings, community events, and social events such as field trips.
NewPre-K Special Education Teacher - ECSE Rapides Parish School DistrictPre-K Special Education Teacher - ECSEElmer, LATo participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
5TH GRADE MATH ELEMENTARY TEACHER Evangeline Parish School District5TH GRADE MATH ELEMENTARY TEACHERLACollaborate with peers to enhance the instructional environment for students by participating in activities which may include, but are not limited to, team teaching, team planning, professional learning community meetings, grade-level meetings, staff development, and various committees. Exert every effort to provide clear and timely information to parents, caregivers, and colleagues at regular intervals regarding classroom expectations, student progress, student conduct, and ways they can assist student learning and behavior.
ISI Teacher (2 Positions) Calcasieu Parish Public SchoolsISI Teacher (2 Positions)Lake Charles, LATo be considered for employment as an ISI Teacher, you must complete the following steps: Complete the online application for the Substitute Teacher/Para POOL job posting. Once steps 1-3 are complete, submit the following documents in person to the Personnel Department at 3310 Broad Street.
ELEMENTARY TEACHER (2nd Grade) Rapides Parish School DistrictELEMENTARY TEACHER (2nd Grade)Alexandria, LAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
SECONDARY TEACHER- Math Rapides Parish School DistrictSECONDARY TEACHER- MathLAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
ELEMENTARY TEACHER Kindergarten Rapides Parish School DistrictELEMENTARY TEACHER KindergartenAlexandria, LAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
ELEMENTARY TEACHER ECSE Rapides Parish School DistrictELEMENTARY TEACHER ECSEAlexandria, LAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
ELEMENTARY TEACHER Special Education GMMC Rapides Parish School DistrictELEMENTARY TEACHER Special Education GMMCAlexandria, LAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
ELEMENTARY TEACHER- 5/6 Math Rapides Parish School DistrictELEMENTARY TEACHER- 5/6 MathAlexandria, LAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
SECONDARY TEACHER-8th Grade Math PJH Rapides Parish School DistrictSECONDARY TEACHER-8th Grade Math PJHLAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
ELEMENTARY TEACHER health and PE Rapides Parish School DistrictELEMENTARY TEACHER health and PEAlexandria, LAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.
5th Gr. Science/SS TEACHER Rapides Parish School District5th Gr. Science/SS TEACHERAlexandria, LAD. To participate in faculty and system-wide in-service programs, keeping current by taking credit or non-credit college courses applicable to the area of responsibility for teaching, taking part in appropriate workshops and conferences and reading current professional literature. To account for and be responsible for the care of all textbooks, pupil desks, other furniture, equipment and instructional materials which are in or are assigned to the teachers classroom, laboratory or other areas of responsibility.